State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Environ Int. 2017 Apr;101:165-172. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.01.022. Epub 2017 Feb 8.
Methylsiloxanes (D4-D6, L5-L16) were detected in children silicone-containing products (n=190, detected frequencies=46-89%) marketed in China. For the 15 target compounds, the average concentrations ranged from <LOQ - 0.005±0.007μg/g in hard toys, 0.084±0.281-22.2±29.6μg/g in pacifiers, 0.020±0.023-20.6±16.0μg/g in teethers, and 0.005±0.009-2.81±3.22μg/g in soft rubber toys. Linear methylsiloxanes were predominant in these four types of children products. In the leaching test, except for L6, the other 14 methylsiloxanes were detected (mean=0.001±0.008-0.770±2.60ng/mL) in saliva leachates for children products, with the detection frequencies ranging from 4 to 46%. The conservative mouthing exposure for children were 6.87-18.05ng/kg bw-day via pacifiers and 0.44-2.29ng/kg bw-day via teether/soft rubber toys for ∑cyclic methylsiloxanes, and 7.89-20.74ng/kg bw-day via pacifiers and 0.41-2.12ng/kg bw-day via teether/soft rubber toys for ∑linear methylsiloxanes. Methylsiloxanes conservative mouthing exposure associated with children products were 1-2 order of magnitudes lower than the sum of children's daily inhalation exposure and dust ingestion exposure in the indoor environment. The above results indicated that although methylsiloxanes, as the impurities of polydimethylsiloxane, distributed in children silicone-containing products, exposure arising from directly mouthing these products may not be the dominated pathway for children exposure of methylsiloxanes.
在中国市场销售的儿童含硅产品（n=190，检出率为 46-89%）中检测到甲基硅氧烷（D4-D6，L5-L16）。对于 15 种目标化合物，平均浓度范围为：硬玩具中<LOQ-0.005±0.007μg/g，奶嘴中 0.084±0.281-22.2±29.6μg/g，磨牙器中 0.020±0.023-20.6±16.0μg/g，软橡胶玩具中 0.005±0.009-2.81±3.22μg/g。这四种类型的儿童产品中以线性甲基硅氧烷为主。在浸出试验中，除 L6 外，其他 14 种甲基硅氧烷（均值=0.001±0.008-0.770±2.60ng/mL）在儿童产品唾液浸出液中均有检出，检出率为 4-46%。通过奶嘴，儿童保守的经口摄入暴露量为 6.87-18.05ng/kg bw-day 对于∑环状甲基硅氧烷，通过磨牙器/软橡胶玩具为 0.44-2.29ng/kg bw-day；对于∑线性甲基硅氧烷，通过奶嘴为 7.89-20.74ng/kg bw-day，通过磨牙器/软橡胶玩具为 0.41-2.12ng/kg bw-day。与儿童产品相关的甲基硅氧烷经口摄入暴露量比儿童在室内环境中每日吸入暴露量和灰尘摄入暴露量之和低 1-2 个数量级。上述结果表明，尽管甲基硅氧烷作为聚二甲基硅氧烷的杂质分布在儿童含硅产品中，但直接经口摄入这些产品所导致的暴露可能不是儿童接触甲基硅氧烷的主要途径。
