Lee Jason S, Choi Hee June, Baek Sung Hee
Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;963:283-298. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-50044-7_17.
Post-translational modifications play an important role in regulating protein activity by altering their functions. Sumoylation is a highly dynamic process which is tightly regulated by a fine balance between conjugating and deconjugating enzyme activities. It affects intracellular localization and their interaction with their binding partners, thereby changing gene expression. Consequently, these changes in turn affect signaling mechanisms that regulate many cellular functions, such as cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis , DNA repair , and cell survival. It is becoming apparent that deregulation in the SUMO pathway contributes to oncogenic transformation by affecting sumoylation/desumoylation of many oncoproteins and tumor suppressors. Loss of balance between sumoylation and desumoylation has been reported in a number of studies in a variety of disease types including cancer. This chapter summarizes the mechanisms and functions of the deregulated SUMO pathway affecting oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
翻译后修饰通过改变蛋白质功能在调节蛋白质活性方面发挥重要作用。小泛素样修饰（SUMO化）是一个高度动态的过程，由结合酶和去结合酶活性之间的精确平衡严格调控。它影响蛋白质在细胞内的定位及其与结合伴侣的相互作用，从而改变基因表达。因此，这些变化进而影响调节许多细胞功能的信号传导机制，如细胞生长、增殖、凋亡、DNA修复和细胞存活。越来越明显的是，SUMO途径的失调通过影响许多癌蛋白和肿瘤抑制因子的SUMO化/去SUMO化而导致致癌转化。在包括癌症在内的多种疾病类型的许多研究中都报道了SUMO化和去SUMO化之间的平衡丧失。本章总结了失调的SUMO途径影响癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因的机制和功能。
