Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan,
Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2017 Mar 1;22(7):1052-1072. doi: 10.2741/4533.
There is no doubt that synaptic activity-regulated expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) contributes to long-lasting changes in neural functions, including learning and memory. Consequently, dysregulation of IEG expression has been involved in the conditions of neural and psychiatric disorders and cognitive dysfunction. This has mainly been demonstrated using genetically modified animal models and neuropharmacological analyses. The regulatory mechanisms of IEG expression have been investigated recently and have re-emphasized the role of IEG expression in plasticity-related processes as well as elucidating molecular mechanisms and drug targets for neurological and psychiatric disorders. This review summarizes recent studies of IEG regulation, including our findings of IEG expression regulated by excitatory and modulatory neurotransmissions. In addition, we propose possible roles for IEG regulation in neurological and psychiatric disorders and long-lasting neural functions. This review improves our understanding of the association between IEG regulation and neural function and diseases, and may promote the discovery of novel drug targets for psychiatric disorders.
毫无疑问，突触活动调节即时早期基因（IEG）的表达有助于神经功能的长期变化，包括学习和记忆。因此，IEG 表达的失调与神经和精神障碍以及认知功能障碍的状况有关。这主要是通过使用基因修饰的动物模型和神经药理学分析来证明的。最近，IEG 表达的调节机制已经被研究，并且重新强调了 IEG 表达在与可塑性相关的过程中的作用，以及阐明了神经和精神障碍的分子机制和药物靶点。这篇综述总结了 IEG 调节的最新研究，包括我们关于兴奋性和调节性神经传递调节 IEG 表达的发现。此外，我们提出了 IEG 调节在神经和精神障碍以及长期神经功能中的可能作用。这篇综述提高了我们对 IEG 调节与神经功能和疾病之间关系的理解，并可能促进精神障碍的新型药物靶点的发现。
