Laessle R, Pfister H, Wittchen H U
Psychopathology. 1987;20(1):48-60. doi: 10.1159/000284479.
Risk of rehospitalization was investigated in 100 former psychiatric inpatients with ICD-9 diagnoses of schizophrenia, schizoaffective and affective psychosis in a 6- to 7-year interval following discharge. Subtype of disorder, aftercare characteristics, previous course of illness and specific sociodemographic factors were hypothesized to predict the probability of readmissions to a hospital. For time-related statistical analyses the survival approach and proportional hazards model were used. The risk of rehospitalization varies considerably between the diagnostic subgroups studied, depending on the length of the observation period chosen. Schizophrenics had the highest risk (after 3 years 66%, 6 years 80%), followed by schizoaffective patients (58 and 65%) and affective psychosis patients (41 and 58%). Aftercare in a short defined period after discharge from the hospital reduced significantly the risk of readmission for patients with an affective psychosis and patients who were married. Former rehospitalization increases the risk of a readmission. Severity of psychopathological features had only minor predictive value.
在100名曾因国际疾病分类第九版（ICD - 9）诊断为精神分裂症、分裂情感性障碍和情感性精神病而住院的精神科患者出院后的6至7年期间，对再住院风险进行了调查。研究假设疾病亚型、后续护理特征、既往病程以及特定的社会人口统计学因素可预测再次入院的可能性。对于与时间相关的统计分析，采用了生存分析法和比例风险模型。在所研究的诊断亚组中，再住院风险差异很大，这取决于所选观察期的长短。精神分裂症患者的风险最高（3年后为66%，6年后为80%），其次是分裂情感性障碍患者（分别为58%和65%）和情感性精神病患者（分别为41%和58%）。出院后在短时间内进行后续护理可显著降低情感性精神病患者和已婚患者的再入院风险。既往有过再住院经历会增加再次入院的风险。精神病理特征的严重程度仅有较小的预测价值。
