Siow Wen Ting, Lee Pyng
Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System Tower Block, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
J Thorac Dis. 2017 Jan;9(1):E71-E77. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.01.49.
Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is defined as tuberculous infection of the tracheobronchial tree. The exact pathogenesis is unclear, and it has a heterogenous clinical course. Its diagnosis requires the clinician to have a high index of suspicion based on clinical symptoms and radiological features. Computed tomography and bronchoscopy are useful tools in its evaluation. The goal of treatment is in the eradication of tuberculous bacilli with appropriate anti-tuberculous therapy. Use of corticosteroids is controversial for the prevention of tracheobronchial stenosis. Interventional bronchoscopy or surgical intervention is employed to restore airway patency once significant stenosis occurs.
支气管内膜结核（EBTB）被定义为气管支气管树的结核感染。确切的发病机制尚不清楚，其临床病程具有异质性。其诊断需要临床医生根据临床症状和影像学特征保持高度怀疑。计算机断层扫描和支气管镜检查是评估该病的有用工具。治疗的目标是通过适当的抗结核治疗根除结核杆菌。使用皮质类固醇预防气管支气管狭窄存在争议。一旦出现明显狭窄，可采用介入性支气管镜检查或手术干预来恢复气道通畅。
