Lei Yang, Tian-Hui Zhang, Ming Han, Xiu-Jun Chang, Yong Duan, Fu-Gen Li
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 97 Ma Chang, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China,
Surg Today. 2014 Aug;44(8):1434-7. doi: 10.1007/s00595-014-0865-9. Epub 2014 Apr 15.
Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is defined as tuberculosis infection of the tracheobronchial tree. EBTB may require aggressive treatment, including lung resection, because of severe bronchostenosis and its complications, despite formal anti-TB chemotherapy. We present our experience of treating 25 patients with EBTB.
We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 25 patients with EBTB treated between 2002 and 2012 at the Department of Thoracic Surgery in Beijing Chest Hospital.
All 25 patients (5 male, 20 female) underwent surgery for fibrostenotic type EBTB. Bronchoscopy showed fibrostenotic change in all patients and a cough was the most common symptom. Postoperatively, all patients were given anti-TB therapy to take for 6-9 months.
EBTB tends to occur at a higher incidence in young women. Surgery may be required for severe bronchostenosis and its complications and should be performed for symptomatic fibrostenotic type EBTB. During the operation, attention should be paid to prevent severe complications and postoperative anti-TB therapy is mandatory.
支气管内膜结核（EBTB）被定义为气管支气管树的结核感染。尽管进行了正规的抗结核化疗，但由于严重的支气管狭窄及其并发症，EBTB可能需要积极治疗，包括肺切除术。我们介绍我们治疗25例EBTB患者的经验。
我们回顾性分析了2002年至2012年期间在北京胸科医院胸外科接受治疗的25例EBTB患者的病历。
所有25例患者（5例男性，20例女性）均接受了纤维狭窄型EBTB手术。支气管镜检查显示所有患者均有纤维狭窄改变，咳嗽是最常见的症状。术后，所有患者均接受抗结核治疗6 - 9个月。
EBTB在年轻女性中的发病率往往较高。对于严重的支气管狭窄及其并发症可能需要手术治疗，对于有症状的纤维狭窄型EBTB应进行手术。手术过程中，应注意预防严重并发症，术后抗结核治疗是必需的。
