Tano Marcellin B, Dassi Christelle, Mosi Lydia, Koussémon Marina, Bonfoh Bassirou
Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
Department of Environment and Health, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire (CSRS), Adiopodoumé, 01 BP 1303, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Feb 11;14(2):178. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14020178.
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), particularly mycolactone producing mycobacteria (MPM), are bacteria found in aquatic environments causing skin diseases in humans like Buruli ulcer (BU). Although the causative agent for BU, has been identified and associated with slow-moving water bodies, the real transmission route is still unknown. This study aimed to characterize MPMs from environmental aquatic samples collected in a BU non-endemic community, Adiopodoumé, in Côte d'Ivoire. Sixty samples were collected in four types of matrices (plant biofilms, water filtrate residues, plant detritus and soils) from three water bodies frequently used by the population. Using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), MPMs were screened for the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) mycobacterial gene, the IS insertion sequence, and MPM enoyl reductase (ER) gene. Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) typing with loci 6, 19, mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit 1 (MIRU1) and sequence type 1(ST1) was performed to discriminate between different MPMs. Our findings showed 66.7%, 57.5% and 43.5% of positivity respectively for 16S rRNA, IS and ER. MPM discrimination using VNTR typing did not show any positivity and therefore did not allow precise MPM distinction. Nevertheless, the observed contamination of some water bodies in a BU non-endemic community by MPMs suggests the possibility of pathogen dissemination and transmission to humans. These aquatic environments could also serve as reservoirs that should be considered during control and prevention strategies.
非结核分枝杆菌（NTM），特别是产分枝杆菌内酯的分枝杆菌（MPM），是在水生环境中发现的细菌，可导致人类患皮肤疾病，如布氏杆菌溃疡（BU）。尽管已确定BU的病原体并将其与水流缓慢的水体联系起来，但其真正的传播途径仍然未知。本研究旨在对从科特迪瓦阿迪奥波杜梅一个非布氏杆菌溃疡流行社区采集的环境水样中的MPM进行特征分析。从该社区居民经常使用的三个水体中，采集了四种基质（植物生物膜、水滤渣、植物碎屑和土壤）中的60个样本。使用常规聚合酶链反应（PCR），对MPM的16S核糖体RNA（rRNA）分枝杆菌基因、IS插入序列和MPM烯酰还原酶（ER）基因进行筛选。利用位点6、19、分枝杆菌散布重复单元1（MIRU1）和序列类型1（ST1）进行可变数目串联重复（VNTR）分型，以区分不同的MPM。我们的研究结果显示，16S rRNA、IS和ER的阳性率分别为66.7%、57.5%和43.5%。使用VNTR分型对MPM进行鉴别未显示任何阳性结果，因此无法精确区分MPM。然而，在一个非布氏杆菌溃疡流行社区中观察到一些水体被MPM污染，这表明病原体有可能传播并传染给人类。这些水生环境也可能是储存宿主，在控制和预防策略中应予以考虑。
