Rani Sapna, Pawah Salil, Gola Sunil, Bakshi Mansha
Department of Prosthodontics, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2017 Jan-Mar;17(1):48-52. doi: 10.4103/0972-4052.194941.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) by the use of Helkimo's index (anamnestic [Ai] and clinical dysfunction [Di] component) in the nonpatient population (dental students) of Faridabad college.
A questionnaire-based survey was carried out among students of dental college for signs and symptoms of TMD and also clinical examination was done. The results were scored and according to scoring severity of TMD were assessed in the specified population.
About 580 students were assessed for TMD by the use of Helkimo's index (Ai and Di component). Descriptive statistical analysis was done.
Among the study group, 15% were found to have TMDs. Out of the affected students, 79% females and 21% males were having symptoms. Out of the signs and symptoms present, 7% students were found to have sound in temporomandibular joint followed by pain in 3% and fatigue in 2% of students. On clinical examination, limited mouth opening was found in 6% students followed by locked mandible in 1%, deviation of jaw in 0.6%, and jaw rigidity of mandible in 0.6% of individual.
To summarize, Helkimo index is a well-founded index to assess TMD in a specified population. Signs and symptoms of TMD were present among students although low prevalence of TMD was found in the students.
本研究的目的是通过使用赫尔基莫指数（记忆性[Ai]和临床功能障碍[Di]成分）来评估法里达巴德学院非患者人群（牙科学生）中颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）的患病率。
对牙科学院的学生进行了一项基于问卷的关于TMD体征和症状的调查，并进行了临床检查。对结果进行评分，并根据评分评估特定人群中TMD的严重程度。
使用赫尔基莫指数（Ai和Di成分）对约580名学生进行了TMD评估。进行了描述性统计分析。
在研究组中，发现15%的学生患有TMD。在受影响的学生中，79%为女性，21%为男性有症状。在出现的体征和症状中，7%的学生颞下颌关节有弹响，其次3%的学生有疼痛，2%的学生有疲劳感。临床检查发现，6%的学生张口受限，其次1%的学生下颌锁定，0.6%的学生下颌偏斜，0.6%的学生下颌僵硬。
总之，赫尔基莫指数是评估特定人群中TMD的一个有充分依据的指数。尽管在学生中发现TMD的患病率较低，但TMD的体征和症状在学生中存在。
