Prasanna Kumar K M, Ghosh Sujoy, Canovatchel William, Garodia Nishant, Rajashekar Sujith
Bangalore Diabetes Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Jan-Feb;21(1):196-209. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.196016.
Currently available antihyperglycemic agents, despite being effective, provide inadequate glycemic control and/or are associated with side effects or nonadherence. Canagliflozin, a widely used orally active inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), is a new addition to the therapeutic armamentarium of glucose-lowering drugs. This review summarizes findings from different clinical and observational studies of canagliflozin 300 mg in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). By inhibiting SGLT2, canagliflozin reduces reabsorption of filtered glucose, thereby increasing urinary glucose excretion in patients with T2DM. Canagliflozin 300 mg has been shown to be effective in lowering glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, and postprandial glucose in patients with T2DM. Canagliflozin 300 mg also demonstrated significant reductions in body weight and blood pressure and has a low risk of causing hypoglycemia, when not used in conjunction with insulin and insulin secretagogues. Canagliflozin 300 mg was generally well tolerated in clinical studies. The most frequently reported adverse events include genital mycotic infections, urinary tract infections, osmotic diuresis, and volume depletion-related events.
目前可用的抗高血糖药物尽管有效，但血糖控制仍不充分，和/或伴有副作用或患者依从性差的问题。卡格列净是一种广泛使用的钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2（SGLT2）口服活性抑制剂，是降糖药物治疗手段中的新成员。本综述总结了卡格列净300mg用于2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的不同临床和观察性研究结果。通过抑制SGLT2，卡格列净减少滤过葡萄糖的重吸收，从而增加T2DM患者的尿糖排泄。已证明卡格列净300mg可有效降低T2DM患者的糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖和餐后血糖。卡格列净300mg还显著降低了体重和血压，并且在不与胰岛素和胰岛素促泌剂联合使用时，发生低血糖的风险较低。在临床研究中，卡格列净300mg总体耐受性良好。最常报告的不良事件包括生殖器真菌感染、尿路感染、渗透性利尿和容量耗竭相关事件。
