Kumar Arun, Agarwal Chaturbhuj, Hooda Ashok K, Ojha Ashutosh, Dhillon Mukesh, Hari Kumar K V S
Department of Nephrology, Command Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Medicine, AFMC, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2016 Jul-Sep;5(3):611-614. doi: 10.4103/2249-4863.197320.
Infectious disorders are a major cause of concern in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. We studied the profile and outcomes of infectious disorders in a cohort of RTR.
In this prospective, observational study, we evaluated all RTR who presented with the features of infection. We also included asymptomatic patients with microbiological evidence of infection. We excluded patients with acute rejection, drug toxicity, and malignancy. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results.
The study population ( = 45, 35 male and 10 female) had a mean age of 35.5 ± 10.4 years and follow-up after transplant was 2.1 ± 1.7 years. Urinary tract infection (UTI, = 15) is the most common infection followed by tuberculosis (TB, = 8), cytomegalovirus ( = 6), candidiasis ( = 7), and hepatitis ( = 11). Miscellaneous infections such as cryptosporidiosis and pneumocystis were seen in 10 patients. Simultaneous infections with two organisms were seen in 7 patients. Four patients succumbed to multiorgan dysfunction following sepsis, another 4 patients developed chronic graft dysfunction, while the remaining 35 RTR had a good graft function.
Infectious complications are very common in the posttransplant period including UTI and TB. Further large scale studies are required to identify the potential risk factors leading to infections in RTR.
感染性疾病是肾移植受者（RTR）主要的关注原因，会导致相当高的发病率和死亡率。我们研究了一组肾移植受者中感染性疾病的特征和结局。
在这项前瞻性观察研究中，我们评估了所有具有感染特征的肾移植受者。我们还纳入了有感染微生物学证据的无症状患者。我们排除了急性排斥、药物毒性和恶性肿瘤患者。采用描述性统计分析结果。
研究人群（n = 45，男性35例，女性10例）的平均年龄为35.5±10.4岁，移植后的随访时间为2.1±1.7年。尿路感染（UTI，n = 15）是最常见的感染，其次是结核病（TB，n = 8）、巨细胞病毒（n = 6）、念珠菌病（n = 7）和肝炎（n = 11）。10例患者出现隐孢子虫病和肺孢子菌等其他感染。7例患者同时感染了两种病原体。4例患者因败血症死于多器官功能障碍，另外4例患者出现慢性移植功能障碍，其余35例肾移植受者移植功能良好。
移植后感染并发症非常常见，包括尿路感染和结核病。需要进一步开展大规模研究以确定导致肾移植受者感染的潜在危险因素。
