Reed Alex J, Schmitz David, Baker Edward, Girvan James, McDonald Theodore
University of Colorado School of Medicine.
Fam Med. 2017 Feb;49(2):132-136.
Rural communities throughout the United States are eager to recruit and retain family physicians. This study examined factors that may contribute to a medical student's decision to consider rural family medicine practice using the Community Apgar Questionnaire (CAQ).
Third- and fourth-year medical students from 10 medical schools responded to a survey of 62 identified factors deemed to be present when assessing the strengths and challenges of recruiting family physicians to rural communities. Participants could also respond to six demographic questions. Factors were ranked based on importance to respondents and were compared using demographic information.
A total of 282 MS-3 and MS-4 students interested in family medicine from 10 US medical schools completed the survey (response rate 19.5%). Forty percent of participants anticipate practicing in a rural setting, followed by 31% for suburban and 29% for urban. The top three factors participants considered when anticipating a rural practice setting were spousal satisfaction, call frequency, and competition/collegiality. Additional differences were found across CAQ factors by future practice setting, gender, and location where the student was raised.
Medical schools, rural preceptors, and rural communities may wish to consider highly rated factors found in the CAQ in the effort to increase the recruitment of family physicians interested in rural practice.
美国各地的农村社区都渴望招聘并留住家庭医生。本研究使用社区阿普加问卷（CAQ）调查了可能促使医学生决定考虑从事农村家庭医疗实践的因素。
来自10所医学院校的三年级和四年级医学生对一项调查做出了回应，该调查涉及在评估向农村社区招聘家庭医生的优势和挑战时被认定存在的62个因素。参与者还可回答6个人口统计学问题。根据对受访者的重要性对因素进行排名，并利用人口统计学信息进行比较。
来自美国10所医学院校的总共282名对家庭医学感兴趣的三年级和四年级学生完成了调查（回复率为19.5%）。40%的参与者预计会在农村地区执业，其次是31%的人选择在郊区，29%的人选择在城市。参与者在预期农村执业环境时考虑的前三大因素是配偶满意度、值班频率以及竞争/合作氛围。在CAQ因素方面，还发现了根据未来执业地点、性别以及学生成长地点的不同而存在的差异。
医学院校、农村带教老师以及农村社区不妨考虑CAQ中评分较高的因素，以努力增加对农村执业感兴趣的家庭医生的招聘人数。
