AgroSup Dijon,URANIE - USC INRA Nutrition du cheval athlète,21079 Dijon,France.
Animal. 2017 Sep;11(9):1497-1504. doi: 10.1017/S1751731117000349. Epub 2017 Feb 21.
Total tract apparent digestibility of dietary fibrous components and parameters of the faecal digestive ecosystem were compared at immediate and late post-weaning periods using five foals. The foals were abruptly weaned (day 0) from their mares at 6 months of age. Immediately (day 0 to day 14) and later (day 131 to day 194) after weaning, foals received the same basal diet consisting of hay and pellets. Pellets were fed at 0.36% BW. Hay was offered ad libitum and corresponded to 120% of the average voluntary hay intake measured individually during the immediate (days 1 to 4) and late (days 180 to 183) post-weaning periods. Total feed intake was measured during the two post-weaning periods (from days 7 to 10 and from days 187 to 190). Total tract apparent digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), NDF and ADF was assessed using a 4-day partial collection of faeces (from days 8 to 11 and from days 188 to 191). Major bacterial groups in faeces, Fibrobacter succinogenes, DM, pH and volatile fatty acids were quantified at days -1, 1, 3, 7, 14 and 180. During the post-weaning period, minor changes were observed in the composition and activity of the faecal microbiota. The amylolytic count in faeces decreased immediately after weaning (between days 1 and 7) (P<0.05). Later (from days 14 to 180), the molar proportion of propionate decreased (P=0.03). The limited alteration seen in the hindgut ecosystem was probably due to the fact that the foals had undergone a gradual dietary transition from milk to solid feed before weaning. Such conclusions have also been reported in other animal species. Between the immediate and late post-weaning periods, the average daily feed intake and the digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, NDF and ADF increased (P<0.05). These results could suggest an increase in the fibre-degrading capacity of foals after weaning.
在五个小马驹中比较了饮食纤维成分的全肠道表观消化率和粪便消化生态系统的参数，在断奶后立即（0 天）和后期（131 天至 194 天）进行比较。小马驹在 6 个月大时突然与母马断奶。断奶后立即（0 天至 14 天）和后期（131 天至 194 天），小马驹都接受相同的基础日粮，由干草和颗粒组成。颗粒饲料以 0.36%BW 饲喂。干草自由采食，对应于在立即（第 1 天至第 4 天）和后期（第 180 天至第 183 天）断奶后期间单独测量的平均自愿干草摄入量的 120%。在两个断奶后期间（第 7 天至第 10 天和第 187 天至第 190 天）测量总采食量。使用粪便 4 天部分收集法（第 8 天至第 11 天和第 188 天至第 191 天）评估 DM、有机物（OM）、NDF 和 ADF 的全肠道表观消化率。在-1、1、3、7、14 和 180 天测定粪便中主要细菌组纤维丁酸弧菌、DM、pH 和挥发性脂肪酸。在断奶后期间，粪便微生物区系的组成和活性观察到较小的变化。断奶后立即（1 天至 7 天之间），粪便中淀粉分解计数减少（P<0.05）。后来（从第 14 天到第 180 天），丙酸的摩尔比例减少（P=0.03）。后肠生态系统的有限变化可能是由于小马驹在断奶前已经从牛奶逐渐过渡到固体饲料。在其他动物物种中也有类似的结论。在立即和后期断奶后期间，平均日采食量和 DM、OM、NDF 和 ADF 的消化系数增加（P<0.05）。这些结果表明断奶后小马驹的纤维降解能力增加。
