Department of Systems Neuroscience, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Nat Commun. 2017 Feb 21;8:14140. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14140.
Novelty-seeking tendencies in adolescents may promote innovation as well as problematic impulsive behaviour, including drug abuse. Previous research has not clarified whether neural hyper- or hypo-responsiveness to anticipated rewards promotes vulnerability in these individuals. Here we use a longitudinal design to track 144 novelty-seeking adolescents at age 14 and 16 to determine whether neural activity in response to anticipated rewards predicts problematic drug use. We find that diminished BOLD activity in mesolimbic (ventral striatal and midbrain) and prefrontal cortical (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) regions during reward anticipation at age 14 predicts problematic drug use at age 16. Lower psychometric conscientiousness and steeper discounting of future rewards at age 14 also predicts problematic drug use at age 16, but the neural responses independently predict more variance than psychometric measures. Together, these findings suggest that diminished neural responses to anticipated rewards in novelty-seeking adolescents may increase vulnerability to future problematic drug use.
青少年的寻求新奇倾向可能会促进创新和有问题的冲动行为，包括药物滥用。以前的研究还没有阐明对预期奖励的神经超敏或低敏反应是否会增加这些人的易感性。在这里，我们使用纵向设计跟踪 144 名在 14 岁和 16 岁时具有寻求新奇倾向的青少年，以确定对预期奖励的神经活动是否预测有问题的药物使用。我们发现，在 14 岁时，中脑奖励预期期间，中脑奖励预测区（腹侧纹状体和中脑）和前额皮质（背外侧前额皮质）的 BOLD 活动减少，这预示着 16 岁时会出现药物滥用问题。14 岁时的心理测量责任心较低和未来奖励的折扣幅度较大也预示着 16 岁时会出现药物滥用问题，但神经反应独立预测的变异比心理测量指标更多。总之，这些发现表明，寻求新奇的青少年对预期奖励的神经反应减弱可能会增加他们未来出现药物滥用问题的脆弱性。
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