Skolarus Lesli E, Freedman Vicki A, Feng Chunyang, Burke James F
From the Stroke Program, Department of Neurology (L.E.S., C.F., J.F.B.) and Institute for Social Research (V.A.F.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Center for Clinical Management and Research, Ann Arbor VA, MI (J.F.B.).
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2017 Feb;10(2). doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003160. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
Blacks have higher stroke incidence and experience greater poststroke disability than whites. To optimize care for stroke survivors, it is important to understand the amount of care that they receive and the implications for stroke caregivers.
Data from 2 nationally representative, population-based studies, the NHATS (National Health and Aging Trends Study) linked to the NSOC (National Study of Caregiving), were used to identify elderly stroke survivors and their caregivers. We compared hours of care received and unmet activity need among the 581 white and 225 black stroke survivors. We then performed racial comparisons of positive and negative aspects of caregiving reported by caregivers of black and white stroke survivors. Black stroke survivors were more likely than white stroke survivors to have a caregiver (62.5% versus 49.7%; <0.01) and received on average more hours of help per week (31.7 versus 20.5; <0.01). There was little racial difference in unmet need for assistance. Caregivers of black stroke survivors reported more positive aspects of caregiving than caregivers of white stroke survivors (6.8 versus 6.0; <0.01). There was no racial difference in negative aspects of caregiving, depression, or anxiety.
Black stroke survivors received an average of ≈11 more hours of care than white stroke survivors without substantial differences in unmet need. Despite providing more hours of care, caregivers of black stroke were more positive about their caregiver role than caregivers of white stroke survivors.
黑人的中风发病率高于白人，且中风后残疾程度也比白人大。为了优化对中风幸存者的护理，了解他们接受的护理量以及对中风护理者的影响非常重要。
使用来自两项具有全国代表性的基于人群的研究数据，即与国家护理研究（NSOC）相关联的国家健康与老龄化趋势研究（NHATS），来确定老年中风幸存者及其护理者。我们比较了581名白人中风幸存者和225名黑人中风幸存者接受护理的时长以及未满足的活动需求。然后，我们对黑人和白人中风幸存者的护理者报告的护理积极和消极方面进行了种族比较。黑人中风幸存者比白人中风幸存者更有可能有护理者（62.5%对49.7%；<0.01），且平均每周获得的帮助时长更多（31.7小时对20.5小时；<0.01）。在未满足的援助需求方面，种族差异不大。黑人中风幸存者的护理者报告的护理积极方面多于白人中风幸存者的护理者（6.8对6.0；<0.01）。在护理的消极方面、抑郁或焦虑方面，没有种族差异。
黑人中风幸存者平均比白人中风幸存者多接受约11小时的护理，在未满足的需求方面没有实质性差异。尽管提供了更多小时的护理，但黑人中风幸存者的护理者对其护理角色的态度比白人中风幸存者的护理者更积极。
