Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland.
Thorax. 2017 Jun;72(6):500-509. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207851. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
Antioxidants present in fruits and vegetables may protect the lung from oxidative damage and prevent COPD.
To determine the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of COPD by smoking status in men.
The population-based prospective Cohort of Swedish Men included 44 335 men, aged 45-79 years, with no history of COPD at baseline. Fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed with a self-administered questionnaire.
During a mean follow-up of 13.2 years, 1918 incident cases of COPD were ascertained. A strong inverse association between total fruit and vegetable consumption and COPD was observed in smokers but not in never-smokers (p-interaction=0.02). The age-standardised incidence rate per 100 000 person-years in the lowest quintile (<2 servings/day) of total fruit and vegetable consumption was 1166 in current smokers and 506 in ex-smokers; among those in the highest quintile (≥5.3 servings/day), 546 and 255 per 100 000 person-years, respectively. The multivariable HR of COPD comparing extreme quintiles of total fruit and vegetable consumption was 0.60 (95% CI 0.47 to 0.76, p-trend <0.0001) in current smokers and 0.66 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.85, p-trend=0.001) in ex-smokers. Each one serving per day increment in total fruit and vegetable consumption decreased risk of COPD significantly by 8% (95% CI 4% to 11%) in current smokers and by 4% (95% CI 0% to 7%) in ex-smokers.
These results indicate that high consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with reduced COPD incidence in both current and ex-smokers but not in never-smokers.
水果和蔬菜中的抗氧化剂可能会保护肺部免受氧化损伤，并预防 COPD。
确定男性中水果和蔬菜的摄入量与 COPD 风险之间的关系，并根据吸烟状况进行分析。
这项基于人群的前瞻性瑞典男性队列研究纳入了 44335 名年龄在 45-79 岁、基线时无 COPD 病史的男性。通过自填问卷评估水果和蔬菜的摄入量。
在平均 13.2 年的随访期间，共确定了 1918 例 COPD 新发病例。在吸烟者中，总水果和蔬菜摄入量与 COPD 呈显著负相关，但在从不吸烟者中无此关联（p 交互作用=0.02）。在总水果和蔬菜摄入量最低五分位数（<2 份/天）的人群中，当前吸烟者和前吸烟者的年龄标准化发病率分别为每 10 万人年 1166 例和 506 例；而在摄入量最高五分位数（≥5.3 份/天）的人群中，发病率分别为每 10 万人年 546 例和 255 例。在当前吸烟者和前吸烟者中，比较总水果和蔬菜摄入量的极端五分位数时，COPD 的多变量 HR 分别为 0.60（95%CI 0.47 至 0.76，p 趋势<0.0001）和 0.66（95%CI 0.51 至 0.85，p 趋势=0.001）。当前吸烟者中，每天增加一份水果和蔬菜的总摄入量，COPD 的风险降低 8%（95%CI 4% 至 11%），前吸烟者中，风险降低 4%（95%CI 0% 至 7%）。
这些结果表明，大量摄入水果和蔬菜与当前吸烟者和前吸烟者的 COPD 发病率降低相关，但与从不吸烟者无关。
