School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
Inpatient and Acute Directorate, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, Goodmayes Hospital, Barley Lane, Ilford IG3 8XJ, UK; School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
Psychiatry Res. 2017 Jun;252:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.097. Epub 2017 Feb 20.
Individuals with substance abuse may suffer from severe public and internalized stigma. Little is known about how social support can reduce stigma and improve mental health and well-being for them. This research examined how perceived stigma influences individuals in treatment for substance abuse, and whether internalized stigma and shame are mechanisms which link social support with better mental health and well-being. Sixty-four participants in treatment for substance abuse (alcohol, drugs), aged between 18 and 64, completed an online survey measuring perceived stigma, internalized stigma, shame, perceived social support, and mental health and well-being (self-esteem, depression and anxiety, sleep). We found that perceived stigma was associated with lower self-esteem, higher depression and anxiety, and poorer sleep. Furthermore, perceived social support followed the opposite pattern, and was associated with higher self-esteem, lower depression and anxiety, and better sleep. The effects of perceived stigma and of perceived social support on our outcome measures were mediated by internalized stigma and by internalized shame. Helping individuals with substance abuse to utilize their social support may be fruitful for combatting the negative impact of internalized stigma and shame on mental health and well-being.
物质滥用者可能会遭受严重的公众和内化污名。对于社会支持如何减少污名、改善他们的心理健康和幸福感，我们知之甚少。本研究考察了感知污名如何影响接受物质滥用治疗的个体，以及内化污名和羞耻感是否是将社会支持与更好的心理健康和幸福感联系起来的机制。64 名年龄在 18 至 64 岁之间的物质滥用（酒精、毒品）治疗者完成了一项在线调查，调查内容包括感知污名、内化污名、羞耻感、感知社会支持以及心理健康和幸福感（自尊、抑郁和焦虑、睡眠）。我们发现，感知污名与自尊降低、抑郁和焦虑增加以及睡眠质量差有关。此外，感知社会支持则相反，与自尊升高、抑郁和焦虑降低以及睡眠质量改善有关。感知污名和感知社会支持对我们的结果指标的影响是由内化污名和内化羞耻感介导的。帮助物质滥用者利用他们的社会支持可能有助于对抗内化污名和羞耻感对心理健康和幸福感的负面影响。
