Redox regulation has recently been recognized as an important factor in acute illnesses as well as in chronic diseases. It has also become a target for neuroprotection in acute intensive care. Despite its well-known therapeutic effects, therapeutic hypothermia has recently been re-evaluated for its potential use in emergency and critical care medicine. Hypothermia is an undesirable physiological condition that can increase oxidative stress and decrease anti-oxidative potency. However, many studies have shown that under ischemia/reperfusion conditions, therapeutic hypothermia actually suppresses enhanced oxidative stress and maintains or increases anti-oxidative potency. This review provides an overview and outlook for the future of therapeutic hypothermia for neuroprotection from the perspective of redox regulation in patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome and traumatic brain injury.