Grushkin Donald A
Am Ann Deaf. 2017;161(5):509-527. doi: 10.1353/aad.2017.0001.
Signed languages around the world have tended to maintain an "oral," unwritten status. Despite the advantages of possessing a written form of their language, signed language communities typically resist and reject attempts to create such written forms. The present article addresses many of the arguments against written forms of signed languages, and presents the potential advantages of writing signed languages. Following a history of the development of writing in spoken as well as signed language populations, the effects of orthographic types upon literacy and biliteracy are explored. Attempts at writing signed languages have followed two primary paths: "alphabetic" and "icono-graphic." It is argued that for greatest congruency and ease in developing biliteracy strategies in societies where an alphabetic script is used for the spoken language, signed language communities within these societies are best served by adoption of an alphabetic script for writing their signed language.
世界各地的手语往往保持着“口语化”的、无书面形式的状态。尽管拥有书面形式的语言有诸多优势，但手语群体通常抵制并拒绝创造此类书面形式的尝试。本文探讨了许多反对手语书面形式的观点，并阐述了书写手语的潜在优势。在回顾了口语和手语群体中文字发展的历史之后，探讨了正字法类型对读写能力和双语能力的影响。书写手语的尝试主要有两条路径：“字母式”和“图像式”。有人认为，在使用字母文字书写口语的社会中，为了在制定双语策略时实现最大程度的一致性并便于操作，这些社会中的手语群体最好采用字母文字来书写他们的手语。
