离子液体稳定吗？
Are Ionic Liquids Chemically Stable?
机构信息
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University , 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , 59 Zhongguancun Street, Beijing 100872, China.
出版信息
Chem Rev. 2017 May 24;117(10):7113-7131. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00594. Epub 2017 Feb 27.
Ionic liquids have attracted a great deal of interest in recent years, illustrated by their applications in a variety of areas involved with chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering. Usually, the stabilities of ionic liquids are highlighted as one of their outstanding advantages. However, are ionic liquids really stable in all cases? This review covers the chemical stabilities of ionic liquids. It focuses on the reactivity of the most popular imidazolium ionic liquids at structural positions, including C2 position, N1 and N3 positions, and C4 and C5 positions, and decomposition on the imidazolium ring. Additionally, we discuss decomposition of quaternary ammonium and phosphonium ionic liquids and hydrolysis and nucleophilic reactions of anions of ionic liquids. The review aims to arouse caution on potential decomposition of ionic liquids and provides a guide for better utilization of ionic liquids.
近年来，离子液体在化学、物理、生物和工程等多个领域的应用引起了极大的关注。通常，离子液体的稳定性被强调为其突出的优点之一。然而，在所有情况下离子液体真的稳定吗？本综述涵盖了离子液体的化学稳定性。它重点讨论了最受欢迎的咪唑离子液体在结构位置上的反应性，包括 C2 位置、N1 和 N3 位置以及 C4 和 C5 位置，以及咪唑环上的分解。此外，我们还讨论了季铵和鏻离子液体的分解以及离子液体阴离子的水解和亲核反应。本综述旨在引起对离子液体潜在分解的警惕，并为更好地利用离子液体提供指导。
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