Fernandez-Ballesteros Rocio, Olmos Ricardo, Santacreu Marta, Bustillos Antonio, Molina Maria Angeles
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain.
Universidad Europea de Madrid (UEM), Spain.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2017 Jul;71:14-20. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.02.004. Epub 2017 Feb 10.
Among older adults, perceived age discrimination is highly associated with unhealthy outcomes and dissatisfaction. Active aging is a multidimensional concept described by a set of characteristics, particularly health, positive mood and control; most importantly, active aging is currently at the core of public policies. The aim of the present study was to test to what extent perceived discrimination influences active aging. Methods A total of 2005 older adults in three representative samples from regions of Germany, Mexico and Spain participated; they were tested on active aging and perceived discrimination. First, active aging was defined as high reported health, life satisfaction and self-perception of aging. Second, authors introduced the assumption that, in the total sample, structural equation modelling would confirm the hypothesis of a direct negative link between perceived age discrimination and active aging. Finally, multiple group comparison performed through structural equation modelling also provided support for the negative association between perceived discrimination and active aging proposed. In spite of the differences found among the three countries in both active aging variables and age discrimination perception, multiple group comparison indicates that regardless of the culture, perceived discrimination is a negative predictor of active aging.
在老年人中，感知到的年龄歧视与不良健康后果和不满情绪高度相关。积极老龄化是一个多维度概念，由一系列特征来描述，特别是健康、积极情绪和掌控感；最重要的是，积极老龄化目前是公共政策的核心。本研究的目的是检验感知到的歧视在多大程度上影响积极老龄化。方法 来自德国、墨西哥和西班牙地区的三个代表性样本中的2005名老年人参与了研究；他们接受了积极老龄化和感知到的歧视方面的测试。首先，积极老龄化被定义为报告的健康状况良好、生活满意度高以及对衰老的自我认知。其次，作者提出假设，在总样本中，结构方程模型将证实感知到的年龄歧视与积极老龄化之间存在直接负相关的假设。最后，通过结构方程模型进行的多组比较也为所提出的感知到的歧视与积极老龄化之间的负相关提供了支持。尽管在积极老龄化变量和年龄歧视感知方面，三个国家之间存在差异，但多组比较表明，无论文化如何，感知到的歧视都是积极老龄化的一个负面预测因素。
