Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), College of Chemistry, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017 Mar 22;9(11):9620-9629. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b15880. Epub 2017 Mar 10.
The rational design and controllable fabrication of electrode materials with tailored structures and superior performance is highly desirable for the next-generation lithium ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, a novel three-dimensional (3D) graphite foam (GF)@SnO nanorod arrays (NRAs)@polyaniline (PANI) hybrid architecture was constructed via solvothermal growth followed by electrochemical deposition. Aligned SnO NRAs were uniformly grown on the surface of GF, and a PANI shell with a thickness of ∼40 nm was coated on individual SnO nanorods, forming a SnO@PANI core-shell structure. Benefiting from the synergetic effect of 3D GF with large surface area and high conductivity, SnO NRAs offering direct pathways for electrons and lithium ions, and the conductive PANI shell that accommodates the large volume variation of SnO, the binder-free, integrated GF@SnO NRAs@PANI electrode for LIBs exhibited high capacity, excellent rate capability, and good electrochemical stability. A high discharge capacity of 540 mAh g (calculated by the total mass of the electrode) was achieved after 50 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g. Moreover, the electrode demonstrated superior rate performance with a discharge capacity of 414 mAh g at a high rate of 3 A g.
为了满足下一代锂离子电池（LIBs）的需求，人们非常希望设计和制备具有特定结构和优异性能的电极材料。在这项工作中，通过溶剂热生长和电化学沉积，构建了一种新型的三维（3D）石墨泡沫（GF）@SnO 纳米棒阵列（NRAs）@聚苯胺（PANI）杂化结构。SnO NRAs 均匀地生长在 GF 的表面上，并且在单个 SnO 纳米棒上包覆了厚度约为 40nm 的 PANI 壳，形成了 SnO@PANI 核壳结构。得益于具有大表面积和高导电性的 3D GF 的协同效应、为电子和锂离子提供直接通道的 SnO NRAs、以及容纳 SnO 大体积变化的导电 PANI 壳，用于 LIBs 的无粘结剂、集成的 GF@SnO NRAs@PANI 电极表现出高容量、优异的倍率性能和良好的电化学稳定性。在 500mA g 的电流密度下循环 50 次后，该电极的放电容量达到了 540mAh g（通过电极的总质量计算）。此外，该电极在 3A g 的高倍率下表现出优异的倍率性能，放电容量为 414mAh g。
