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应变促进的炔-叠氮环加成引发的人工膜融合

Artificial Membrane Fusion Triggered by Strain-Promoted Alkyne-Azide Cycloaddition.

作者信息

Whitehead Stuart A, McNitt Christopher D, Mattern-Schain Samuel I, Carr Adam J, Alam Shahrina, Popik Vladimir V, Best Michael D

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.

Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.

出版信息

Bioconjug Chem. 2017 Apr 19;28(4):923-932. doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00578. Epub 2017 Mar 14.

Abstract

Artificial systems for controlled membrane fusion applicable for drug delivery would ideally use triggers that are orthogonal to biology. To apply the strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) to drive membrane fusion, oxo-dibenzocyclooctyne (ODIBO)-lipid 1 was designed, synthesized, and studied alongside azadibenzocyclooctyne (ADIBO)-lipids 2-4 to assess fusion with liposomes containing azido-lipid 5. Lipids 1-2 were first shown to be effective for liposome derivatization. Next, fusion was evaluated using liposomes containing 1 and varying ratios of PC and PE via a FRET dilution fusion assay, and a 1:1 PC-to-PE ratio yielded the greatest signal change attributed to fusion. Finally, lipids 1-4 were compared, and 1 yielded the greatest triggering of fusion, while 2-4 yielded varying efficacies depending on the structural features of each lipid. Fusion was further validated through STEM studies showing larger multilamellar assemblies after liposome mixing, and FRET assay results supporting the mixing of liposome aqueous contents. This work provides a platform for triggered fusion toward drug delivery applications and an understanding of the effects of lipid structure and membrane composition on fusion.

摘要

适用于药物递送的可控膜融合人工系统理想情况下应使用与生物学无关的触发因素。为了应用应变促进的炔烃-叠氮环加成反应(SPAAC)来驱动膜融合,设计、合成并研究了氧代二苯并环辛炔(ODIBO)-脂质1,同时研究了氮杂二苯并环辛炔(ADIBO)-脂质2-4,以评估与含有叠氮脂质5的脂质体的融合情况。首先证明脂质1-2对脂质体衍生化有效。接下来,通过荧光共振能量转移(FRET)稀释融合试验,使用含有1以及不同比例的磷脂酰胆碱(PC)和磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)的脂质体评估融合情况,PC与PE的比例为1:1时产生的归因于融合的信号变化最大。最后,比较了脂质1-4,发现1引发的融合效果最佳,而2-4的效果因每种脂质的结构特征而异。通过扫描透射电子显微镜(STEM)研究进一步验证了融合,该研究显示脂质体混合后形成了更大的多层组装体,并且FRET试验结果支持脂质体水相内容物的混合。这项工作为药物递送应用的触发融合提供了一个平台,并有助于理解脂质结构和膜组成对融合的影响。

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