Dancygier H
II. Med. Klinik und Poliklinik, Technischen Universität Müchen.
Leber Magen Darm. 1987 Oct;17(5):313-24.
Constipation is a symptom of various diseases that must be differentiated in the diagnostic work-up of the patient. Most frequently however, no structural abnormalities can be identified and constipation is part of the irritable colon syndrome. A diet deficient in bulk is the main cause of constipation in western countries. As the complaints usually last for years before a physician is consulted many patients are chronically abusing laxatives. Therefore treatment is difficult and behavioral modifications of the patient are not easily achieved. He should learn that laxatives do not "clean" the bowel and that it functions normally even if there is not "one stool a day". Although there are many laxatives that can be prescribed usefully for a short time, for long term treatment only bulk forming agents and dietary fiber supplementation are recommended.
便秘是多种疾病的症状，在对患者进行诊断检查时必须加以区分。然而，最常见的情况是无法发现结构异常，便秘是肠易激综合征的一部分。在西方国家，缺乏膳食纤维的饮食是便秘的主要原因。由于这些症状通常会持续数年才会就医，许多患者长期滥用泻药。因此，治疗困难，患者的行为改变也不易实现。患者应该明白，泻药并不能“清洁”肠道，即使不是“每天一次大便”，肠道也能正常运作。虽然有许多泻药可以在短时间内有效使用，但长期治疗仅推荐使用容积性泻药和补充膳食纤维。
