Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
Servei de Neurologia-Neuroimmunologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
Brain Behav Immun. 2018 Feb;68:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.02.019. Epub 2017 Feb 27.
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are growth factors that represent the largest subgroup of signalling ligands of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily. Their participation in the proliferation, survival and cell fate of several cell types and their involvement in many pathological conditions are now well known. BMP expression is altered in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, suggesting that BMPs have a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. MS is a demyelinating and neurodegenerative autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). MS is a complex pathological condition in which genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors converge, although its aetiology remains elusive. Multifunctional molecules, such as BMPs, are extremely interesting in the field of MS because they are involved in the regulation of several adult tissues, including the CNS and the immune system. In this review, we discuss the extensive data available regarding the role of BMP signalling in neuronal progenitor/stem cell fate and focus on the participation and expression of BMPs in CNS demyelination. Additionally, we provide an overview of the involvement of BMPs as modulators of the immune system, as this subject has not been thoroughly explored even though it is of great interest in autoimmune disorders. Moreover, we describe the data on BMP signalling in autoimmunity and inflammatory diseases, including MS and its experimental models. Thus, we aim to provide an integrated view of the putative role of BMPs in MS pathogenesis and to open the field for the further development of alternative therapeutic strategies for MS patients.
骨形态发生蛋白（BMPs）是生长因子，代表转化生长因子 β（TGF-β）超家族中信号配体的最大亚群。它们参与多种细胞类型的增殖、存活和细胞命运，并涉及许多病理状况，这一点现在已经众所周知。多发性硬化症（MS）患者的 BMP 表达发生改变，这表明 BMP 在这种疾病的发病机制中起作用。MS 是一种脱髓鞘和神经退行性自身免疫性疾病，影响中枢神经系统（CNS）。MS 是一种复杂的病理状况，其中遗传、表观遗传和环境因素汇聚在一起，尽管其病因仍难以捉摸。多功能分子，如 BMPs，在 MS 领域非常有趣，因为它们参与调节包括中枢神经系统和免疫系统在内的几种成人组织。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了关于 BMP 信号在神经元祖细胞/干细胞命运中的作用的广泛数据，并重点介绍了 BMPs 在中枢神经系统脱髓鞘中的参与和表达。此外，我们概述了 BMP 作为免疫系统调节剂的作用，尽管在自身免疫疾病中这是一个非常有趣的课题，但它尚未得到彻底探讨。此外，我们描述了关于 BMP 信号在自身免疫和炎症性疾病中的数据，包括 MS 及其实验模型。因此，我们旨在提供 BMP 在 MS 发病机制中潜在作用的综合观点，并为 MS 患者的替代治疗策略的进一步发展开辟领域。
