Puebla Ricardo, Hwang Myung-Joong, Casanova Jorge, Plenio Martin B
Institut für Theoretische Physik and IQST, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Universität Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2017 Feb 17;118(7):073001. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.073001.
We demonstrate that the quantum phase transition (QPT) of the Rabi model and critical dynamics near the QPT can be probed in the setup of a single trapped ion. We first demonstrate that there exists equilibrium and nonequilibrium scaling functions of the Rabi model by finding a proper rescaling of the system parameters and observables, and show that those scaling functions are representative of the universality class to which the Rabi model belongs. We then propose a scheme that can faithfully realize the Rabi model in the limit of a large ratio of the effective atomic transition frequency to the oscillator frequency using a single trapped ion and, therefore, the QPT. It is demonstrated that the predicted universal functions can indeed be observed based on our scheme. Finally, the effects of realistic noise sources on probing the universal functions in experiments are examined.
我们证明，拉比模型的量子相变（QPT）以及QPT附近的临界动力学可以在单个囚禁离子的装置中进行探测。我们首先通过对系统参数和可观测量进行适当的重新标度，证明了拉比模型存在平衡和非平衡标度函数，并表明这些标度函数代表了拉比模型所属的普适类。然后，我们提出了一种方案，该方案可以在有效原子跃迁频率与振荡器频率之比很大的极限情况下，使用单个囚禁离子忠实地实现拉比模型，从而实现QPT。结果表明，基于我们的方案确实可以观察到预测的普适函数。最后，研究了实际噪声源对实验中探测普适函数的影响。
