Podhorecka Monika, Ibanez Blanca, Dmoszyńska Anna
Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Medical University of Lublin.
Polish Multiple Myeloma Group, Retired Professor of Medical University of Lublin.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2017 Mar 2;71(0):170-175. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.3801.
The generally accepted mechanism of metformin's effect is stimulation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is directly activated by an increase in AMP:ATP ratio in metabolic stress conditions including hypoxia and glucose deprivation. Lately, many novel pathways, besides AMPK induction, have been revealed, which can explain some of metformin's beneficial effects. It may help to identify new targets for treatment of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Moreover, metformin is now attracting the attention of researchers in fields other than diabetes, as it has been shown to have anti-cancer, immunoregulatory and anti-aging effects. The aim of this review is to describe the potential anti-cancer and anti-aging properties of metformin and discuss the possible underlying mechanisms.
二甲双胍作用的普遍公认机制是刺激单磷酸腺苷（AMP）激活的蛋白激酶（AMPK）。在包括缺氧和葡萄糖剥夺在内的代谢应激条件下，AMP：ATP比值增加会直接激活AMPK。最近，除了诱导AMPK外，还发现了许多新的途径，这些途径可以解释二甲双胍的一些有益作用。这可能有助于确定治疗糖尿病和代谢综合征的新靶点。此外，二甲双胍现在正吸引着糖尿病以外领域的研究人员的关注，因为它已被证明具有抗癌、免疫调节和抗衰老作用。本综述的目的是描述二甲双胍潜在的抗癌和抗衰老特性，并讨论可能的潜在机制。
