[Long-term blood pressure outcome after unilateral adrenalectomy for primary hyperaldosteronism].

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate long-term results of adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism (PA) and to identify prognostic factors associated.

METHODS

Exhaustive retrospective review of all consecutive patients undergoing adrenalectomy for PA between 2002 and 2013 in our department. All patients underwent preoperative: clinical evaluation (age, sex, height, weight, systolic and diastolic BP under treatment, identification of anti-hypertension treatment), biological evaluation (potassium, renin, aldosterone) and radiological evaluation (CT and/or MRI). Blood pressure was assessed postoperatively at 1 month, 1 year, then at the date of the latest news. The patients were classified into three categories: cured (no antihypertensive therapy in postoperative associated with strictly lower blood pressures of 140/90mmHg), improved (decreased number of drugs or number unchanged but with better blood pressure control), and refractory (no change in the number of drug and blood pressure, or deterioration of one or other of these two parameters).

RESULTS

We evaluated 43 patients, 23 men and 20 women, with a median follow-up of 74.4 months [16.8 to 141]. Pathological analysis described 34 adenomas (79%), 7 hyperplasias (16%) (5 micro-nodular and 2 macro-nodular) and 2 adrenocortical carcinoma (5%). The postoperative long-term assessment found 20% of cured patients (n=8), 65% of improved (n=26) and 15% of refractory (n=6). Prognostic factors associated with favorable long-term blood pressure outcome were those typically associated with ARS score [preoperative number of anti-hypertension drugs (P=0.005), BMI<25kg/m (P=0.009), and duration of hypertension (P=0.007)].

CONCLUSION

Adrenalectomy for PA is a long-term effective treatment for blood pressure control. Prognostic factors associated with long-term success are those conventionally described in ARS score.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE