Department of Computer Science, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, USA.
Department of Computer Science, University of Central Arkansas, USA.
Int J Med Robot. 2017 Dec;13(4). doi: 10.1002/rcs.1813. Epub 2017 Mar 5.
This paper presents the Generative Anatomy Modeling Language (GAML) for generating variation of 3D virtual human anatomy in real-time. This framework provides a set of operators for modification of a reference base 3D anatomy. The perturbation of the 3D models is satisfied with nonlinear geometry constraints to create an authentic human anatomy.
GAML was used to create 3D difficult anatomical scenarios for virtual simulation of airway management techniques such as Endotracheal Intubation (ETI) and Cricothyroidotomy (CCT). Difficult scenarios for each technique were defined and the model variations procedurally created with GAML.
This study presents details of the GAML design, set of operators, types of constraints. Cases of CCT and ETI difficulty were generated and confirmed by expert surgeons. Execution performance pertaining to an increasing complexity of constraints using nonlinear programming was in real-time execution.
本文提出了生成解剖模型语言（GAML），用于实时生成三维虚拟人体解剖结构的变化。该框架提供了一组用于修改参考基础 3D 解剖结构的运算符。通过非线性几何约束来扰动 3D 模型，以创建真实的人体解剖结构。
GAML 用于创建 3D 困难解剖场景，用于虚拟模拟气道管理技术，如气管内插管（ETI）和环甲膜切开术（CCT）。为每种技术定义了困难场景，并使用 GAML 以程序化方式创建模型变化。
本研究介绍了 GAML 设计、运算符集、约束类型的详细信息。生成了 CCT 和 ETI 难度的案例，并由专家外科医生进行了确认。使用非线性规划处理约束复杂性不断增加的执行性能可以实时执行。
