Muchmore Douglas B
1 Kinexum Services, La Jolla, CA, USA.
J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2017 Jan;11(1):157-159. doi: 10.1177/1932296816677577. Epub 2016 Nov 10.
Considerable progress in treatment of diabetes has been made in the nearly 100 years following the discovery of insulin, and advances in insulin therapy have improved convenience, quality of life, overall glycemic control (A1C), and risk of hypoglycemia. An unmet need remains for a mealtime insulin that can faithfully reproduce the metabolic profile that ensues following meal ingestion in healthy persons. A number of "ultra-fast" insulin programs have been initiated, and Afrezza® (insulin human; Inhalation Powder, MannKind Corporation, Danbury, CT) stands as the first such product to be approved by the US FDA. Afrezza is unique as an "ultra-ultra" fast insulin, faster than any other entrant except IV insulin. The benefits and limitations of the Afrezza profile are discussed in this analysis.
自胰岛素被发现后的近100年里，糖尿病治疗取得了显著进展，胰岛素治疗的进步提高了便利性、生活质量、总体血糖控制（糖化血红蛋白）以及低血糖风险。对于一种能够忠实地重现健康人进食后代谢情况的餐时胰岛素，仍存在未满足的需求。已经启动了一些“超快”胰岛素项目，而Afrezza®（人胰岛素；吸入粉，曼金德公司，康涅狄格州丹伯里）是首个获美国食品药品监督管理局批准的此类产品。Afrezza作为一种“超超快”胰岛素独具特色，其起效速度比除静脉注射胰岛素外的任何其他同类产品都要快。本分析将探讨Afrezza的优缺点。
