Li Heng, Cao Yu
School of Linguistic Sciences and Arts, Jiangsu Normal University, China.
Department of Humanities, Northumbria University, UK.
Scand J Psychol. 2017 Jun;58(3):193-198. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12358. Epub 2017 Mar 6.
What influences how people implicitly associate "past" and "future" with "front" and "back?" Whereas previous research has shown that cultural attitudes toward time play a role in modulating space-time mappings in people's mental models (de la Fuente, Santiago, Román, Dumitrache & Casasanto, 2014), we investigated real life experiences as potential additional influences on these implicit associations. Participants within the same single culture, who are engaged in different intermediate-term educational experiences (Study 1), long-term living experiences (Study 2), and short-term visiting experiences (Study 3), showed their distinct differences in temporal focus, thereby influencing their implicit spatializations of time. Results across samples suggest that personal attitudes toward time related to real life experiences may influence people's space-time mappings. The findings we report on shed further light on the high flexibility of human conceptualization system. While culture may exert an important influence on temporal focus, a person's conceptualization of time may be attributed to a culmination of factors.
是什么影响了人们如何在潜意识里将“过去”和“未来”与“前”和“后”联系起来?尽管先前的研究表明,文化对时间的态度在调节人们心理模型中的时空映射方面发挥了作用(德拉富恩特、圣地亚哥、罗曼、杜米特拉切和卡萨桑托,2014年),但我们研究了现实生活经历作为对这些隐性关联的潜在额外影响。同一单一文化中参与不同中期教育经历(研究1)、长期生活经历(研究2)和短期访问经历(研究3)的参与者,在时间焦点上表现出明显差异,从而影响了他们对时间的隐性空间化。各样本的结果表明,与现实生活经历相关的个人对时间的态度可能会影响人们的时空映射。我们报告的研究结果进一步揭示了人类概念化系统的高度灵活性。虽然文化可能对时间焦点产生重要影响,但一个人的时间概念化可能归因于多种因素的综合作用。