Forsell Caroline, Conradsson David, Paquette Caroline, Franzén Erika
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Stockholm, Sweden.
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Stockholm, Sweden; Function Area Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals Function, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Gait Posture. 2017 May;54:71-75. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.02.020. Epub 2017 Feb 27.
Turning is a common feature of daily life and dynamic coordination of the axial body segments is a cornerstone for safe and efficient turning. Although slow walking speed is a common trait of old age and neurological disorders, little is known about the effect of walking speed on axial coordination during walking turns. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of walking speed on axial coordination during walking turns in healthy elderly adults. Seventeen healthy elderly adults randomly performed 180° left and right turns while walking in their self-selected comfortable pace and in a slow pace speed. Turning velocity, spatiotemporal gait parameters (step length and step time), angular rotations and angular velocity of the head and pelvis, head-pelvis separation (i.e. the angular difference in degrees between the rotation of the head and pelvis) and head-pelvis velocity were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. During slow walking, turning velocity was 15% lower accompanied by shorter step length and longer step time compared to comfortable walking. Reducing walking speed also led to a decrease in the amplitude and velocity of the axial rotation of the head and pelvis as well as a reduced head-pelvis separation and angular velocity. This study demonstrates that axial coordination during turning is speed dependent as evidenced by a more 'en bloc' movement pattern (i.e. less separation between axial segments) at reduced speeds in healthy older adults. This emphasizes the need for matching speed when comparing groups with diverse walking speeds to differentiate changes due to speed from changes due to disease.
转身是日常生活中的常见动作，而身体轴向节段的动态协调是安全高效转身的基石。尽管步行速度缓慢是老年人和神经系统疾病患者的共同特征，但关于步行速度对转身过程中轴向协调的影响却知之甚少。本研究的目的是调查步行速度对健康老年人转身过程中轴向协调的影响。17名健康老年人以自选的舒适步速和慢速步行时，随机进行180°左右转身。使用Wilcoxon符号秩检验分析转身速度、时空步态参数（步长和步时）、头部和骨盆的角旋转和角速度、头盆分离（即头部和骨盆旋转之间的角度差）以及头盆速度。与舒适步行相比，慢速步行时转身速度降低15%，同时步长缩短、步时延长。步行速度降低还导致头部和骨盆轴向旋转的幅度和速度减小，以及头盆分离和角速度降低。本研究表明，健康老年人在转身过程中的轴向协调取决于速度，表现为在较低速度下更“整体”的运动模式（即轴向节段之间的分离更小）。这强调了在比较不同步行速度的群体时，需要匹配速度，以区分速度变化和疾病变化所导致的差异。
