Drug Ther Bull. 2017 Mar;55(3):33-36. doi: 10.1136/dtb.2017.3.0463.
Penicillin allergy is a potentially serious adverse reaction that impacts on antibacterial treatment options. Although it is commonly reported and recorded in medical records, only a minority of patients with a label of penicillin allergy actually have the condition confirmed. The term 'allergy' may be incorrectly applied to adverse reactions that do not have an immunological basis and inappropriate labelling of penicillin allergy can lead to the unnecessary avoidance of penicillins and other beta-lactam antibacterials. Here, we discuss key features that help to distinguish patients at low or high risk of having a true penicillin allergy, summarise what is known about the risk of allergic reactions to other beta-lactam antibacterials in patients with penicillin allergy and discuss the steps to consider when assessing a label of penicillin allergy.
青霉素过敏是一种潜在的严重不良反应，会影响抗菌治疗方案的选择。尽管它在医疗记录中经常被报告和记录，但实际上只有少数被标记为青霉素过敏的患者被确诊患有该病症。“过敏”一词可能被错误地应用于没有免疫学基础的不良反应，而对青霉素过敏的不恰当标记可能导致不必要地避免使用青霉素和其他β-内酰胺类抗菌药物。在此，我们讨论有助于区分真正青霉素过敏低风险或高风险患者的关键特征，总结关于青霉素过敏患者对其他β-内酰胺类抗菌药物过敏风险的已知情况，并讨论评估青霉素过敏标记时应考虑的步骤。
