Percutaneous closure of multiple ventricular septal defects: simultaneous use of muscular ventricular septal defect device and Multi-Fenestrated Septal Occluder - "Cribriform" to close residual ventricular septal defects after complex cardiac surgery in a child.

A male child, with d-transposition of great arteries, a large perimembranous ventricular septal defect, multiple additional ventricular septal defects, small muscle-bound right ventricle, and severe pulmonary stenosis with confluent, moderate-sized branch pulmonary arteries, underwent an emergency right modified Blalock-Taussig shunt on day 15 of life and réparation à l'étageventriculaire procedure with ventricular septal defect closure with takedown of the Blalock-Taussig shunt at 2.5 years of age. On follow-up, he showed a moderate residual upper ventricular septal defect and multiple apical ventricular septal defects, mild mid-right pulmonary artery stenosis, free pulmonary regurgitation, and right ventricular dysfunction. Surgical re-intervention was deemed extremely risky, the upper muscular ventricular septal defect was closed using an 8-mm Amplatzer Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect Occluder Device, and an 18 mm Amplatzer Multi-Fenestrated Septal Occluder - Cribriform was used for the multiple apical muscular ventricular septal defects. After 1 year, his right pulmonary artery stenosis worsened, for which right pulmonary artery angioplasty was carried out using an 8×20 mm cutting balloon followed by a 10×20 mm Tyshak II balloon. This is the only case reported for the paediatric age group using a cribriform septal occluder device for percutaneous closure of multiple apical ventricular septal defects.