Martínez-Hernández L, Casamian-Sorrosal D, Barrera-Chacón R, Cuesta-Gerveno J M, Belinchón-Lorenzo S, Gómez Nieto L C, Duque-Carrasco F J
Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, Cáceres 10003, Spain.
Langford Cardiology Service, Small Animal Hospital, Langford Veterinary Services, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, United Kingdom.
Vet J. 2017 Mar;221:1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.11.015. Epub 2016 Nov 23.
Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a systemic disease caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum. Myocarditis in CanL has been described previously in CanL by histopathological analysis of post-mortem specimens and by evaluation of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels. However, the degree of myocardial damage at different stages of CanL and the role that concurrent azotaemia plays in this myocardial injury are unknown. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate and compare the presence of myocardial injury in dogs at different stages of clinical CanL and in dogs with severe idiopathic chronic kidney disease (CKD) by measuring cTnI. Forty-eight dogs were included in the study, divided into four groups: (1) group A (10 healthy dogs); (2) group B (17 dogs with CanL without renal azotaemia, classified as mild to severe in the LeishVet scheme); (3) group C (11 dogs with CanL and renal azotaemia, classified as very severe in the LeishVet scheme); and (4) group D (10 dogs with idiopathic CKD). Dogs in group C had significantly higher cTnI than dogs in groups B and D, although cTnI was also elevated in these groups. Dogs in group A had normal cTnI values. Dogs in groups D and C had similar renal IRIS classification scorers. Severe lymphoplasmocytic myocarditis and a positive real time PCR of L. infantum DNA were observed in all dogs in group C. Dogs with very severe CanL exhibit more myocardial injury than dogs with milder CanL or dogs with idiopathic CKD.
犬利什曼病（CanL）是由原生动物寄生虫婴儿利什曼原虫引起的一种全身性疾病。先前通过对死后标本的组织病理学分析以及对心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）水平的评估，已在CanL中描述过心肌炎。然而，CanL不同阶段的心肌损伤程度以及同时存在的氮血症在这种心肌损伤中所起的作用尚不清楚。本研究的目的是通过测量cTnI，前瞻性地评估和比较临床CanL不同阶段的犬以及患有严重特发性慢性肾脏病（CKD）的犬心肌损伤的情况。48只犬被纳入研究，分为四组：（1）A组（10只健康犬）；（2）B组（17只无肾氮血症的CanL犬，根据利什曼病兽医诊断方案分为轻度至重度）；（3）C组（11只患有CanL和肾氮血症的犬，根据利什曼病兽医诊断方案分为极重度）；（4）D组（10只患有特发性CKD的犬）。C组犬的cTnI显著高于B组和D组犬，尽管这两组犬的cTnI也有所升高。A组犬的cTnI值正常。D组和C组犬的肾脏IRIS分类评分相似。在C组所有犬中均观察到严重的淋巴细胞性心肌炎以及婴儿利什曼原虫DNA的实时PCR检测呈阳性。患有极重度CanL的犬比患有轻度CanL的犬或患有特发性CKD的犬表现出更多的心肌损伤。
