Mardani-Talaee M, Razmjou J, Nouri-Ganbalani G, Hassanpour M, Naseri B
Dept of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Univ of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Neotrop Entomol. 2017 Oct;46(5):578-586. doi: 10.1007/s13744-017-0494-2. Epub 2017 Mar 11.
Myzus persicae (Sulzer) is a polyphagous aphid that causes chlorosis, necrosis, stunting, and reduce growth rate of the host plants. In this research, the effects of Zinc sulfate and vermicompost (30%), Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Glomus intraradices, G. intraradices × B. subtilis, and G. intraradices × P. fluorescens compared to control was investigated on the growth characters of Capsicum annuum L. and biological parameters of M. persicae. Different fertilizers caused a significant effect on growth characters of C. annuum and biological parameters of M. persicae. The highest plant growth was observed on Zinc sulfate and B. subtilis treated plants, and the lowest was on control. Increase in the amount of specific leaf area (SLA) (0.502 mm mg) was significantly higher in the B. subtilis than other fertilizer treatments. The longest (10.3 days) and the shortest (5.3 days) developmental times of M. persicae nymphs were observed on 30% vermicompost and Zinc sulfate treatments, respectively. The lowest adult longevity periods of M. persicae (11.2 and 11.3 days) were observed on G. intraradices × B. subtilis and 30% vermicompost treatments, respectively, and the longest ones (16.4 days) on Zinc sulfate. The highest rate of nymphal mortality and the lowest amount of nymphal growth index (NGI) were recorded on 30% vermicompost. The nymphs reared on Zinc sulfate treatment had the lowest rate of nymphal mortality and the highest amount of NGI. Thus, amending the soil with 30% vermicompost had a significantly negative effect on the biological parameters of M. persicae that can be used as an ecological control tactic for this pest.
桃蚜（Myzus persicae (Sulzer)）是一种多食性蚜虫，会导致寄主植物出现黄化、坏死、生长受阻以及生长速率降低的情况。在本研究中，研究了硫酸锌和30%的蚯蚓堆肥、枯草芽孢杆菌、荧光假单胞菌、根内球囊霉、根内球囊霉×枯草芽孢杆菌以及根内球囊霉×荧光假单胞菌与对照相比，对辣椒（Capsicum annuum L.）生长特性和桃蚜生物学参数的影响。不同肥料对辣椒的生长特性和桃蚜的生物学参数产生了显著影响。在硫酸锌和枯草芽孢杆菌处理的植株上观察到最高的植物生长量，而对照植株上的生长量最低。枯草芽孢杆菌处理组的比叶面积（SLA）增加量（0.502 mm mg）显著高于其他肥料处理组。桃蚜若虫发育时间最长（10.3天）和最短（5.3天）分别出现在30%蚯蚓堆肥处理组和硫酸锌处理组。桃蚜成虫寿命最短（分别为11.2天和11.3天）分别出现在根内球囊霉×枯草芽孢杆菌处理组和30%蚯蚓堆肥处理组，而在硫酸锌处理组寿命最长（16.4天）。30%蚯蚓堆肥处理组记录到最高的若虫死亡率和最低的若虫生长指数（NGI）。在硫酸锌处理组饲养的若虫死亡率最低，NGI最高。因此，用30%的蚯蚓堆肥改良土壤对桃蚜的生物学参数有显著负面影响，可作为该害虫的一种生态防治策略。
