Reis Cesar, Akyol Onat, Ho Wing Mann, Araujo Camila, Huang Lei, Applegate Richard, Zhang John H
Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11041 Campus Street, Risley Hall, Room 219, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:4863079. doi: 10.1155/2017/4863079. Epub 2017 Feb 14.
Acute ischemic stroke is a devastating cause of death and disability, consequences of which depend on the time from ischemia onset to treatment, the affected brain region, and its size. The main targets of ischemic stroke therapy aim to restore tissue perfusion in the ischemic penumbra in order to decrease the total infarct area by maintaining blood flow. Advances in research of pathological process and pathways during acute ischemia have resulted in improvement of new treatment strategies apart from restoring perfusion. Additionally, limiting the injury severity by manipulating the molecular mechanisms during ischemia has become a promising approach, especially in animal research. The purpose of this article is to review completed and ongoing phases I and II trials for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, reviewing studies on antithrombotic, thrombolytic, neuroprotective, and antineuroinflammatory drugs that may translate into more effective treatments.
急性缺血性中风是导致死亡和残疾的灾难性原因，其后果取决于从缺血发作到治疗的时间、受影响的脑区及其大小。缺血性中风治疗的主要目标是恢复缺血半暗带的组织灌注，以通过维持血流来减少总的梗死面积。急性缺血期间病理过程和通路的研究进展，除了恢复灌注外，还带来了新治疗策略的改进。此外，通过在缺血期间操纵分子机制来限制损伤严重程度已成为一种有前景的方法，尤其是在动物研究中。本文的目的是综述已完成和正在进行的用于治疗急性缺血性中风的I期和II期试验，回顾关于抗血栓、溶栓、神经保护和抗神经炎症药物的研究，这些研究可能转化为更有效的治疗方法。
