Giret Nicolas, Edeline Jean-Marc, Del Negro Catherine
Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Orsay, France.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Jun;77:58-73. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.051. Epub 2017 Mar 11.
Learning by imitation involves not only perceiving another individual's action to copy it, but also the formation of a memory trace in order to gradually establish a correspondence between the sensory and motor codes, which represent this action through sensorimotor experience. Memory and sensorimotor processes are closely intertwined. Mirror neurons, which fire both when the same action is performed or perceived, have received considerable attention in the context of imitation. An influential view of memory processes considers that the consolidation of newly acquired information or skills involves an active offline reprocessing of memories during sleep within the neuronal networks that were initially used for encoding. Here, we review the recent advances in the field of mirror neurons and offline processes in the songbird. We further propose a theoretical framework that could establish the neurobiological foundations of sensorimotor learning by imitation. We propose that the reactivation of neuronal assemblies during offline periods contributes to the integration of sensory feedback information and the establishment of sensorimotor mirroring activity at the neuronal level.
通过模仿进行学习不仅涉及感知他人的动作以进行复制，还涉及形成记忆痕迹，以便通过感觉运动经验在代表该动作的感觉和运动代码之间逐渐建立对应关系。记忆和感觉运动过程紧密相连。镜像神经元在执行或感知相同动作时都会放电，在模仿的背景下受到了相当多的关注。一种有影响力的记忆过程观点认为，新获取信息或技能的巩固涉及在睡眠期间对最初用于编码的神经网络中的记忆进行积极的离线再处理。在此，我们回顾鸣禽镜像神经元和离线过程领域的最新进展。我们进一步提出一个理论框架，该框架可以建立通过模仿进行感觉运动学习的神经生物学基础。我们提出，在离线期神经元集合的重新激活有助于感觉反馈信息的整合以及在神经元水平上建立感觉运动镜像活动。
