Klein Ulrich, Paimagham Bramaramba, Blumhagen Rachel, Kroehl Miranda, Sain Joel
Professor and chair, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, Aurora, in Colorado, USA;, Email:
Pediatric dentist in private practice, Englewood, in Colorado, USA.
Pediatr Dent. 2017 Jan 15;39(1):46-52.
Determine the prevalence of pyramidal molars (PMs), associated tooth anomalies, and medical conditions (MC).
Pantomograms from 10,168 subjects were searched for PMs.
A total of 148 individuals (75.7 percent females), aged 9.7 to 18.9 years old, had PMs. Subjects with MCs (53.4 percent) had on average 17 percent more PMs (P=.0476) and 2.8 times greater odds of palatally displaced canines (P=.0309). The mean number of pyramidal and taurodont molars per subject was 2.9±1.4 (SD) and 3.1±1.7 (SD), respectively. In both sexes, 63.5 percent of all observed PMs were located in the maxilla and 78.5 percent of all PMs were second molars. Taurodont molars increased by 9.4 percent as other tooth anomalies increased by one, but decreased by 8.2 percent for each additional PM. Tooth anomalies associated with PMs were palatally displaced canines (17.6 percent) and short root anomaly of maxillary central incisors (6.1 percent). Delayed eruption was noted in 9.5 percent, tooth agenesis in 6.1 percent, and supernumerary teeth in 3.4 percent.
The prevalence of pyramidal molars was 1.4 percent, and the female-to-male ratio was 3.1 to one. Pyramidal molars are often associated with medical conditions and other tooth anomalies.
确定锥形磨牙（PMs）、相关牙齿异常及疾病状况（MC）的患病率。
在10168名受试者的全景片中查找PMs。
共有148名年龄在9.7至18.9岁之间的个体（75.7%为女性）患有PMs。患有MC的受试者PMs平均多17%（P = 0.0476），腭向移位尖牙的几率高2.8倍（P = 0.0309）。每位受试者的锥形磨牙和牛牙样磨牙的平均数分别为2.9±1.4（标准差）和3.1±1.7（标准差）。在男女两性中，所有观察到的PMs中63.5%位于上颌骨，所有PMs中78.5%为第二磨牙。随着其他牙齿异常每增加一种，牛牙样磨牙增加9.4%，但每增加一颗PM则减少8.2%。与PMs相关的牙齿异常为腭向移位尖牙（17.6%）和上颌中切牙短根异常（6.1%）。9.5%的病例出现萌出延迟，6.1%的病例出现牙齿缺失，3.4%的病例出现多生牙。
锥形磨牙的患病率为1.4%，男女比例为3.1比1。锥形磨牙常与疾病状况和其他牙齿异常相关。
