Powell Anne
Division of Adolescent Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 Apr;64(2):343-358. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2016.11.005.
Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) continue to be the most commonly used form of prescription contraceptives used by adolescents in the United States. With proper use, oral contraceptives provide safe and effective birth control. Broad categories of OCPs include progestin-only pills (POPs) and combined oral contraceptive pills (COCs). Certain types of progestins have more potent antiandrogenic properties and are more effective in treating acne, hirsutism, and polycystic ovary syndrome. This article reviews types of OCPs, discusses risks and benefits of OCPs, and provides guidance for how to choose the most beneficial and appropriate OCP for individual adolescent patients.
口服避孕药仍然是美国青少年最常用的处方避孕方式。正确使用口服避孕药可提供安全有效的避孕效果。口服避孕药主要分为仅含孕激素的避孕药（POPs）和复方口服避孕药（COCs）。某些类型的孕激素具有更强的抗雄激素特性，在治疗痤疮、多毛症和多囊卵巢综合征方面更有效。本文回顾了口服避孕药的类型，讨论了其风险和益处，并为如何为个体青少年患者选择最有益和合适的口服避孕药提供指导。
