Murray Nicholas G, D'Amico Nathan R, Powell Douglas, Mormile Megan E, Grimes Katelyn E, Munkasy Barry A, Gore Russell K, Reed-Jones Rebecca J
School of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, United States.
Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Office for Sport Concussion Research, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2017 May;44:21-27. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2017.03.002. Epub 2017 Mar 6.
Approximately 90% of athletes with concussion experience a certain degree of visual system dysfunction immediately post-concussion. Of these abnormalities, gaze stability deficits are denoted as among the most common. Little research quantitatively explores these variables post-concussion. As such, the purpose of this study was to investigate and compare gaze stability between a control group of healthy non-injured athletes and a group of athletes with concussions 24-48hours post-injury.
Ten collegiate NCAA Division I athletes with concussions and ten healthy control collegiate athletes completed two trials of a sport-like antisaccade postural control task, the Wii Fit Soccer Heading Game. During play all participants were instructed to minimize gaze deviations away from a central fixed area. Athletes with concussions were assessed within 24-48 post-concussion while healthy control data were collected during pre-season athletic screening. Raw ocular point of gaze coordinates were tracked with a monocular eye tracking device (240Hz) and motion capture during the postural task to determine the instantaneous gaze coordinates. This data was exported and analyzed using a custom algorithm. Independent t-tests analyzed gaze resultant distance, prosaccade errors, mean vertical velocity, and mean horizontal velocity.
Athletes with concussions had significantly greater gaze resultant distance (p=0.006), prosaccade errors (p<0.001), and horizontal velocity (p=0.029) when compared to healthy controls.
These data suggest that athletes with concussions had less control of gaze during play of the Wii Fit Soccer Heading Game. This could indicate a gaze stability deficit via potentially reduced cortical inhibition that is present within 24-48hours post-concussion.
约90%的脑震荡运动员在脑震荡后即刻会经历一定程度的视觉系统功能障碍。在这些异常情况中，注视稳定性缺陷被认为是最常见的。很少有研究对脑震荡后的这些变量进行定量探索。因此，本研究的目的是调查和比较健康未受伤运动员对照组与受伤后24 - 48小时的脑震荡运动员组之间的注视稳定性。
10名美国大学体育总会（NCAA）一级联盟的脑震荡运动员和10名健康对照的大学运动员完成了两项类似运动的反扫视姿势控制任务，即Wii Fit足球头球游戏。在游戏过程中，所有参与者都被要求尽量减少视线偏离中央固定区域的情况。脑震荡运动员在脑震荡后24 - 48小时内接受评估，而健康对照数据则在赛季前体育筛查期间收集。使用单眼眼动追踪设备（240Hz）在姿势任务期间追踪原始注视点坐标并进行动作捕捉，以确定瞬时注视坐标。这些数据被导出并使用自定义算法进行分析。独立样本t检验分析注视合成距离、顺向扫视误差、平均垂直速度和平均水平速度。
与健康对照组相比，脑震荡运动员的注视合成距离（p = 0.006）、顺向扫视误差（p < 0.001）和水平速度（p = 0.029）显著更大。
这些数据表明，在Wii Fit足球头球游戏中，脑震荡运动员对注视的控制较差。这可能表明在脑震荡后24 - 48小时内，由于潜在的皮质抑制减少，存在注视稳定性缺陷。
