Reynoso César, Rangel María José, Melgar Virgilio
Departamentos de Neuropediatría, Centro Neurológico, Centro Médico American Birtish Cowdray, Ciudad de México, México.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2017 Mar-Apr;55(2):214-222.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was described for the first time in 1943 by Leo Kanner, and since 2004, 18 490 articles in the subject have been published, which in turn have been cited 48 416 times.1 Almost half of these publications come from the United States of America and the vast maority of the efforts to improve the quality of life of these patients have taken place in developed countries. This disorder consists of an inability to acquire social and emotional skills during early development that progressively results in variable degrees of social adaptation discapacity. The etiology is multifactorial and includes functional and structural neurological abnormalities, some of them with putative genetic and/or epigenetic origin. There is an alarming lack of knowledge in the subject among health care professionals. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the most relevant historical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of ASD.
1943年，利奥·坎纳首次描述了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）。自2004年以来，该主题已发表18490篇文章，这些文章又被引用了48416次。其中近一半的出版物来自美国，而且改善这些患者生活质量的大部分努力都在发达国家进行。这种疾病表现为在早期发育过程中无法获得社交和情感技能，进而逐渐导致不同程度的社会适应能力丧失。其病因是多因素的，包括功能性和结构性神经异常，其中一些可能源于遗传和/或表观遗传。医疗保健专业人员对该主题的了解严重不足。本系统综述的目的是总结ASD最相关的历史、诊断和治疗方面。
