Canullo Luigi, Camacho-Alonso Fabio, Tallarico Marco, Meloni Silvio Mario, Xhanari Erta, Penarrocha-Oltra David
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2017 May/June;32(5):675–681. doi: 10.11607/jomi.5349. Epub 2017 Mar 15.
To correlate soft tissue thickness and peri-implant bone remodeling of platform-switching implants.
This comparative prospective trial evaluated, for up to 3 years after implant loading, the influence of soft tissue thickness on changes in peri-implant marginal hard tissue levels. Any patient who was partially edentate in the mandible and required at least two adjacent implant-supported restorations was recruited at the University of Valencia in Spain. A 3-mm tissue punch biopsy, which corresponded to a diameter slightly smaller than the coronal diameter of the implants, was performed using a circular mucotome. Afterward, implants with a length of 10 to 13 mm and a diameter of 3.8 mm were inserted. Outcome measures were implant and prosthesis survival rates, marginal hard tissue changes, any complications, and results of morphologic and histomorphometric analyses. Correlation between mucosa width components (epithelium, connective tissue, and epithelium and connective tissue) and radiographic bone loss at 1 and 3 years after loading was performed at the patient level. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ .05.
A total of 26 samples in 26 patients with 68 implants were analyzed. The specimens were divided into two groups: group 1 (16 patients, 40 implants), with thin mucosa (≤ 2 mm), and group 2 (10 patients, 28 implants), with thick mucosa (> 2 mm). Two dropouts (two specimens) were recorded at the 3-year follow-up. None of the implants or definitive prostheses failed during the healing period, resulting in an overall implant and prosthesis cumulative survival rate of 100%. No major biologic or mechanical complications were recorded. The mean (standard deviation, SD) epithelium thickness was 430.33 (250.21) μm; the mean (SD) connective tissue thickness was 1,324.31 (653.46) μm, and the mean (SD) mucosa thickness was 1,751.29 (759.53) μm. Comparisons of radiographic bone loss between group 1 and group 2 failed to show any statistically significant differences at the 1-year (P = .290) or 3-year (P = .090) follow-up examinations.
The initial mucosa thickness surrounding a bone-level platform-switching implant seems not to influence the pattern of physiologic marginal bone loss.
关联平台转换种植体的软组织厚度与种植体周围骨改建情况。
这项比较性前瞻性试验在种植体加载后长达3年的时间里，评估软组织厚度对种植体周围边缘硬组织水平变化的影响。西班牙巴伦西亚大学招募了下颌部分牙列缺损且需要至少两个相邻种植体支持修复体的患者。使用圆形黏膜刀进行3毫米的组织穿刺活检，其直径略小于种植体的冠部直径。随后，植入长度为10至13毫米、直径为3.8毫米的种植体。观察指标包括种植体和修复体的存活率、边缘硬组织变化、任何并发症以及形态学和组织形态计量学分析结果。在患者层面进行加载后1年和3年时黏膜宽度组成部分（上皮、结缔组织以及上皮和结缔组织）与放射学骨吸收之间的相关性分析。设定统计学显著性为P≤0.05。
共分析了26例患者的26个样本中的68颗种植体。样本分为两组：第1组（16例患者，40颗种植体），黏膜薄（≤2毫米）；第2组（10例患者，28颗种植体），黏膜厚（>2毫米）。在3年随访时记录到2例失访（2个样本）。在愈合期，没有种植体或最终修复体失败，种植体和修复体的总体累积存活率为100%。未记录到重大生物学或机械并发症。上皮平均（标准差，SD）厚度为430.33（250.21）μm；结缔组织平均（SD）厚度为1324.31（653.46）μm，黏膜平均（SD）厚度为1751.29（759.53）μm。第1组和第2组在1年（P = 0.290）或3年（P = 0.090）随访检查时，放射学骨吸收的比较未显示出任何统计学显著差异。
骨水平平台转换种植体周围的初始黏膜厚度似乎不影响生理性边缘骨吸收模式。
