Gluschkoff Kia, Elovainio Marko, Hintsa Taina, Pentti Jaana, Salo Paula, Kivimäki Mika, Vahtera Jussi
Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Occup Environ Med. 2017 Jul;74(7):511-516. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2016-104027. Epub 2017 Mar 15.
This study aimed to examine the longitudinal association of workplace violence with disturbed sleep and the moderating role of organisational justice (ie, the extent to which employees are treated with fairness) in teaching.
We identified 4988 teachers participating in the Finnish Public Sector study who reported encountering violence at work. Disturbed sleep was measured in three waves with 2-year intervals: the wave preceding exposure to violence, the wave of exposure and the wave following the exposure. Data on procedural and interactional justice were obtained from the wave of exposure to violence. The associations were examined using repeated measures log-binomial regression analysis with the generalised estimating equations method, adjusting for gender and age.
Exposure to violence was associated with an increase in disturbed sleep (RR 1.32 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.52)) that also persisted after the exposure (RR 1.26 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.48)). The increase was higher among teachers perceiving the managerial practices as relatively unfair (RR 1.46 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.09) and RR 1.59 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.42) for interactional and procedural justice, respectively). By contrast, working in high-justice conditions seemed to protect teachers from the negative effect of violence on sleep.
Our findings show an increase in sleep disturbances due to exposure to workplace violence in teaching. However, the extent to which teachers are treated with justice moderates this association. Although preventive measures for violence should be prioritised, resources aimed at promoting justice at schools can mitigate sleep problems associated with workplace violence.
本研究旨在探讨工作场所暴力与睡眠障碍之间的纵向关联，以及组织公正（即员工受到公平对待的程度）在教学中的调节作用。
我们确定了4988名参与芬兰公共部门研究的教师，他们报告在工作中遭遇过暴力。在三个时间点测量睡眠障碍，间隔为两年：暴力暴露前的时间点、暴力暴露时的时间点以及暴力暴露后的时间点。程序公正和互动公正的数据来自暴力暴露时的时间点。使用重复测量对数二项回归分析和广义估计方程法检验关联，并对性别和年龄进行了调整。
暴力暴露与睡眠障碍增加相关（风险比1.32（95%置信区间1.15至1.52）），且在暴露后仍持续存在（风险比1.26（95%置信区间1.07至1.48））。在认为管理做法相对不公平的教师中，这种增加更为明显（互动公正和程序公正的风险比分别为1.46（95%置信区间1.01至2.09）和1.59（95%置信区间1.04至2.42））。相比之下，在高公正条件下工作似乎能保护教师免受暴力对睡眠的负面影响。
我们的研究结果表明，教学工作场所暴力暴露会导致睡眠障碍增加。然而，教师受到公正对待的程度会调节这种关联。虽然应优先采取预防暴力的措施，但旨在促进学校公正的资源可以减轻与工作场所暴力相关的睡眠问题。
