Atsarkina Natalia V, Panteleeva Sofia N, Reznikova Zhanna I
A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk State University.
J Comp Psychol. 2017 May;131(2):163-173. doi: 10.1037/com0000067. Epub 2017 Mar 16.
The role of experience in the development of communication in animals is a matter of special interest to many ethologists and psychologists. Ants are known to possess sophisticated and flexible communication systems based mainly on their antennal movements (Reznikova & Ryabko, 2011). However, it is still enigmatic whether young ants need stimulation performances by adults to develop their communication capacities. Experiments with pairwise interactions of Myrmica rubra ants revealed significant differences in individual behavior and the mode of communication in callow (newly emerged) and adult workers. Adult ants are much more mobile than callow ones, and they switch their behavior depending on what partner they interact with, whereas callows behave independently. Adults communicate with callows and queens much longer than with other adults. Both callows and queens seem to be rather attractive to adults, although in different ways. Adults pay close attention to callow ants and initiate prolonged antennal contacts with them, touching their bodies and not leaving them alone. Young (callow) ants appear to be more communicative than adults, and they are equally ready to communicate with each other and with adults. Antennal movements are slow and clumsy in young ants, and they often switch from communication to other activities. It is likely that patterns of antennal movements in callows change gradually. Peculiarities of the mode of communication enable us to speculate that young ants need prolonged contacts with adult nestmates to gain the experience of communication. Some parallels with the development of communication skills in vertebrate species are considered. (PsycINFO Database Record
经验在动物交流发展中的作用是许多动物行为学家和心理学家特别感兴趣的问题。众所周知，蚂蚁拥有主要基于触角运动的复杂且灵活的交流系统（列兹尼科娃和里亚布科，2011年）。然而，幼蚁是否需要成年蚂蚁的刺激行为来发展其交流能力仍然是个谜。对红蚁的成对互动实验揭示了幼蚁（新出现的）和成年工蚁在个体行为和交流方式上的显著差异。成年蚂蚁比幼蚁活跃得多，它们会根据与之互动的伙伴改变自己的行为，而幼蚁则表现得较为独立。成年蚂蚁与幼蚁和蚁后的交流时间比与其他成年蚂蚁的交流时间长得多。幼蚁和蚁后似乎对成年蚂蚁都颇具吸引力，尽管方式不同。成年蚂蚁会密切关注幼蚁，并与它们进行长时间的触角接触，触碰它们的身体且不离开它们。幼蚁似乎比成年蚂蚁更善于交流，它们同样愿意与彼此以及成年蚂蚁交流。幼蚁的触角运动缓慢且笨拙，它们经常从交流切换到其他活动。幼蚁触角运动的模式可能会逐渐改变。交流方式的特点使我们推测，幼蚁需要与成年巢伴进行长时间接触以获得交流经验。文中还考虑了与脊椎动物物种交流技能发展的一些相似之处。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》
