Cattaneo Antonella, Mousseau Brigitte
Département de Sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, succursale Centre Ville, C.P. 6128, H3C 3J7, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Oecologia. 1995 Aug;103(2):249-254. doi: 10.1007/BF00329087.
To establish a general model for the removal rate of periphyton by grazers, we identified 27 publications in which removal rates could be estimated from grazer enclosure or exclosure experiments. When all the measurements obtained under different experimental conditions were extracted, these publications provided 107 data points. Multiple regression of these data showed that periphyton removal rate increased significantly with grazer body mass and food availability, and decreased with grazer crowding. Grazer body mass explained 65% of the variation, while crowding and food availability explained 7 and 6% respectively. Except for the significantly lower removal rate of amphibians, neither taxon of the grazer nor algal composition significantly affected removal rate. Experiments in the laboratory and in outdoor channels tended to give higher removal rates than experiments performed in streams or lakes. A comparison with previous allometric equations predicting the ingestion rate of other invertebrate guilds, and with experiments in which periphyton ingestion rate was measured as incorporation of labelled food, indicated that a large portion of periphyton is removed by the activity of the grazer rather than by direct ingestion. These results could be utilized to predict the impact of grazing on periphyton biomass.
为建立一个食草动物对周丛生物去除率的通用模型，我们筛选出27篇可从食草动物围隔或排除实验中估算去除率的文献。提取不同实验条件下获得的所有测量数据后，这些文献提供了107个数据点。对这些数据进行多元回归分析表明，周丛生物去除率随食草动物体重和食物可利用性显著增加，随食草动物拥挤程度降低。食草动物体重解释了65%的变异，而拥挤程度和食物可利用性分别解释了7%和6%。除两栖动物的去除率显著较低外，食草动物类群和藻类组成均未显著影响去除率。实验室和室外渠道的实验往往比溪流或湖泊中的实验具有更高的去除率。与先前预测其他无脊椎动物类群摄食率的异速生长方程以及通过标记食物掺入量测量周丛生物摄食率的实验进行比较表明，大部分周丛生物是通过食草动物的活动而非直接摄食去除的。这些结果可用于预测放牧对周丛生物量的影响。
