Lips Johanna M, Duivenvoorden Joost F
Landscape and Environmental Research Group, The Netherlands Centre for Geo-ecological Research, ICG, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Hugo de Vries laboratory, Department of Palynology and Paleo/Actuo-ecology, The Netherlands Centre for Geo-ecological Research, ICG, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Oecologia. 1996 Oct;108(1):138-150. doi: 10.1007/BF00333225.
A comparative litter fall study was made in five rain forest stands along a gradient of humus form development and soils in the Amazon lowlands of eastern Colombia. The total fine litter fall was highest in a plot on a well drained soil of the flood plain of the Caquetá River (1.07 kg · m · y), lower in three plots on well drained upland soils (0.86, 0.69, and 0.68 kg · m · y), and lowest in a plot on a poorly drained, upland podzolised soil (0.62 kg · m · y). In the four upland plots, leaf litter fall patterns were highly associated, which points at climatic regulation. Litter resource quality, as represented by nutrient concentrations and area/weight ratio of the leaf litter fall, was comparatively high in the flood plain plot. In the upland plots, concentrations and fluxes of Ca, Mg, K, and P were as low as in oligotrophic central Amazonian upland forests. This questions generalisations that the western peripheral region of the Amazon basin should be less oligotrophic than central Amazonia. The upland plot on the podzolised soil showed the lowest concentrations and fluxes of N. Mean residence times of organic matter and nutrients in the L horizons hardly differed between the five plots, suggesting that edaphic properties and litter resource quality are of little importance in the first step of decomposition. Mean residence time of organic matter in all ectorganic horizons combined (estimated on the basis of litter input and necromass on the forest floor, and uncorrected for dead fine root input) varied from 1.0 y in the flood plain forest, 1.1-3.3 y in the well drained upland forests, and 10.2 y in the forest on the podzolised soil.
在哥伦比亚东部亚马逊低地，沿着腐殖质形态发育和土壤梯度，对五个雨林林分进行了凋落物比较研究。在卡克塔河河漫滩排水良好的土壤上的一个样地中，细凋落物总量最高（1.07千克·米⁻²·年⁻¹），在三个排水良好的高地土壤样地中较低（0.86、0.69和0.68千克·米⁻²·年⁻¹），而在排水不良的高地灰化土样地中最低（0.62千克·米⁻²·年⁻¹）。在四个高地样地中，落叶凋落物模式高度相关，这表明受气候调节。以凋落物的养分浓度和面积/重量比表示的凋落物资源质量，在河漫滩样地中相对较高。在高地样地中，钙、镁、钾和磷的浓度和通量与贫营养的亚马逊中部高地森林一样低。这对关于亚马逊河流域西部边缘地区应比亚马逊中部营养状况稍好的普遍观点提出了质疑。灰化土样地的高地样地显示出最低的氮浓度和通量。五个样地之间，L层中有机质和养分的平均停留时间几乎没有差异，这表明土壤性质和凋落物资源质量在分解的第一步中不太重要。所有外有机层中有机质的平均停留时间（根据凋落物输入和森林地面上的死有机质估算，未对细死根输入进行校正），在河漫滩森林中为1.0年，在排水良好的高地森林中为1.1 - 3.3年，在灰化土森林中为10.2年。
