Toft Søren, Wise David H
Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S-225 Agricultural Science Center-North, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA, , , , , , US.
Oecologia. 1999 May;119(2):198-207. doi: 10.1007/s004420050777.
Prey of different quality can be distinguished by their effects on fitness parameters (e.g., survival, growth, development) of the predator. This paper describes a series of experiments with wolf spiders, Schizocosa sp., designed to analyze the behavioral and physiological mechanisms by which these effects are brought about. Schizocosa responded to prey of inferior quality by developing an aversion. The number of prey encounters needed for the aversion to develop depended on the prey type and the quality of alternative prey available. As expected, fewer low-quality prey were accepted if prey of higher quality were available; however, acceptance was also reduced if alternative prey were of even lower quality. An aversion disappeared within a few hours to about 1 day. Consumption by Schizocosa of even small amounts of some "toxic" prey species reduced growth by inhibiting feeding rate and impairing utilization of food derived from prey of higher quality. These results have implications for understanding the interactions of generalist predators in community food webs.
不同质量的猎物可通过它们对捕食者适合度参数（如生存、生长、发育）的影响来区分。本文描述了一系列针对狼蛛（Schizocosa sp.）的实验，旨在分析产生这些影响的行为和生理机制。Schizocosa 通过形成厌恶来应对质量较差的猎物。产生厌恶所需的猎物接触次数取决于猎物类型和可获得的替代猎物的质量。正如预期的那样，如果有更高质量的猎物，接受的低质量猎物数量就会减少；然而，如果替代猎物质量更低，接受量也会减少。厌恶会在几小时到大约一天内消失。Schizocosa 食用少量某些“有毒”猎物物种会通过抑制摄食率和损害对高质量猎物食物的利用来降低生长。这些结果对于理解泛化捕食者在群落食物网中的相互作用具有启示意义。
