Harmon Jason P, Losey John E, Ives A R
Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA, , , , , , US.
Oecologia. 1998 Jun;115(1-2):287-292. doi: 10.1007/s004420050518.
The role of vision and color in close-proximity foraging behavior was investigated for four species of lady beetles: Coccinella septempunctata, Hippodamia convergens, Harmonia axyridis, and Coleomegilla maculata. The effect of light level and color cues on consumption rates varied among the four predator species. The consumption rates of these predators on the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) was measured under light and dark conditions. C. septempunctata,H. convergens, and Ha. axyridis consumed significantly more aphids in the light than in the dark, while the consumption rate of Col. maculata was not affected by light level. Foraging ability was also measured on red and green color morphs of the pea aphid on red, green, and white backgrounds. C. septempunctata consumed significantly more of the aphid morph that contrasted with the background color, and showed no difference between morphs on the white background. H. axyridis consumed significantly more red morph aphids regardless of background. The remaining two species showed no difference in consumption rates on the two color morphs. The variation in the use of visual cues demonstrates how different species of predators can exhibit different foraging behaviors when searching for the same prey.
研究了视觉和颜色在四种瓢虫近距离觅食行为中的作用，这四种瓢虫分别是七星瓢虫、多异瓢虫、异色瓢虫和黄斑盘瓢虫。光照水平和颜色线索对捕食率的影响在这四种捕食者物种中各不相同。在光照和黑暗条件下，测量了这些捕食者对豌豆蚜（豆无网长管蚜，哈里斯）的捕食率。七星瓢虫、多异瓢虫和异色瓢虫在光照下比在黑暗中消耗的蚜虫明显更多，而黄斑盘瓢虫的捕食率不受光照水平的影响。还在红色、绿色和白色背景上对豌豆蚜的红色和绿色形态进行了觅食能力测试。七星瓢虫消耗的与背景颜色形成对比的蚜虫形态明显更多，并且在白色背景上两种形态之间没有差异。异色瓢虫无论背景如何，消耗的红色形态蚜虫都明显更多。其余两个物种在两种颜色形态上的捕食率没有差异。视觉线索使用的变化表明，在寻找相同猎物时，不同种类的捕食者如何表现出不同的觅食行为。
