Responses of communities of tropical tree species to elevated CO in a forest clearing.

Communities of ten species of tropical forest tree seedlings from three successional classes were grown at ambient and elevated CO in large open-top chambers on the edge of a forest in Panamá. Communities grew from 20 cm to approximately 2 m in height in 6 months. No enhancements in plant biomass accumulation occurred under elevated CO either in the whole communities or in growth of individual species. Reductions in leaf area index under elevated CO were observed, as were decreases in leaf nitrogen concentrations and increases in the C:N ratio of leaf tissue. Species tended to respond individualistically to elevated CO, but some generalizations of how successional groupings responded could be made. Early and mid-successional species generally showed greater responses to elevated CO than late-successional species, particularly with respect to increases in photosynthetic rates and leaf starch concentrations, and reductions in leaf area ratio. Late-successional species showed greater increases in C:N ratios in response to elevated CO than did other species. Our results indicate that there may not be an increase in the growth of regenerating tropical forest under elevated CO, but that there could be changes in soil nutrient availability because of reductions in leaf tissue quality, particularly in late-successional species.