Armitage Kenneth B
Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Kansas, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, USA.
Oecologia. 1981 Feb;48(1):36-49. doi: 10.1007/BF00346986.
Multi-variate analysis of life-history traits of 18 species of burrowing sciurids indicates that reproductive effort is determined by body-size energetics. Other traits, such as age adult weight reached, age of dispersal, length of time of gestation, were significantly correlated with body size. A principal component analysis suggested that the complex of life-history traits could be reduced to four components: body size (=weight), seasonality, specific reproductive effort, and maturity. The variation in the sociality index was best explained by age of first reproduction and age adult weight reached. Generally, species are more social when large body size combined with a relatively short growing season is associated with delayed dispersal and occurs in those species typically breeding for the first time at age two or older. Sociality in these species may have evolved through retention of daughters within the maternal home range as a means of continuing reproductive investment beyond weaning.
对18种穴居松鼠科动物生活史特征的多变量分析表明，繁殖投入由体型能量学决定。其他特征，如成年体重达到的年龄、扩散年龄、妊娠期长度，与体型显著相关。主成分分析表明，生活史特征复合体可简化为四个成分：体型（=体重）、季节性、特定繁殖投入和成熟度。社交指数的变化最好由首次繁殖年龄和成年体重达到的年龄来解释。一般来说，当大体型与相对较短的生长季节相结合，伴随着延迟扩散，且出现在那些通常在两岁或更大年龄首次繁殖的物种中时，这些物种的社会性更强。这些物种的社会性可能是通过将女儿留在母巢范围内而进化而来的，这是断奶后继续进行繁殖投资的一种方式。
